Table 2.
Ordered logistic regression coefficients (standard errors) from hierarchical model of self-rated health, World Health Survey.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country-level variables | ||||||
| Democracy factor | 0.317***
(0.099) |
0.250*
(0.104) |
0.334**
(0.113) |
0.315**
(0.100) |
0.319**
(0.102) |
0.288*
(0.120) |
| Gini index | −0.032*
(0.013) |
−0.036**
(0.014) |
||||
| Public heath factor | −0.076 (0.154) |
−0.243 (0.154) |
||||
| Education factor | 0.034 (0.079) |
0.177 (0.092) |
||||
| GDP per capita | −0.012 (0.036) |
0.096*
(0.047) |
−0.005 (0.019) |
−0.014 (0.016) |
−0.022 (0.017) |
0.110*
(0.052) |
| Region | ||||||
| Europe | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
| Africa | 0.198 (0.186) |
0.810**
(0.309) |
0.090 (0.281) |
0.241 (0.195) |
0.386*
(0.175) |
0.949*
(0.460) |
| Southeast Asia | 0.062 (0.326) |
0.437 (0.402) |
−0.044 (0.392) |
0.097 (0.310) |
0.222 (0.309) |
0.470 (0.456) |
| Western Pacific | 0.502 (0.313) |
0.839**
(0.297) |
0.456 (0.288) |
0.506 (0.307) |
0.562 (0.311) |
0.802**
(0.305) |
| South & Central America | −0.097 (0.179) |
0.701 (0.374) |
−0.136 (0.193) |
−0.089 (0.176) |
0.007 (0.173) |
0.797*
(0.403) |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 0.542 (0.491) |
0.671 (0.415) |
0.496 (0.508) |
0.574 (0.482) |
0.717 (0.481) |
0.880*
(0.393) |
| Individual-level variables | ||||||
| Wealth | 0.128***
(0.013) |
0.128***
(0.013) |
||||
| Education | 0.086***
(0.022) |
0.086***
(0.022) |
||||
| Working for pay (=1) | 0.277***
(0.025) |
0.277***
(0.025) |
||||
| Male (=1) | 0.363***
(0.024) |
0.363***
(0.024) |
0.363***
(0.025) |
0.363***
(0.024) |
0.258***
(0.027) |
0.258***
(0.027) |
| Age | −0.380***
(0.018) |
−0.380***
(0.017) |
−0.380***
(0.017) |
−0.380***
(0.017) |
−0.364***
(0.016) |
−0.364***
(0.016) |
| Age-squared | −0.011***
(0.003) |
−0.011***
(0.003) |
−0.011***
(0.003) |
−0.011***
(0.003) |
0.007*
(0.003) |
0.007*
(0.003) |
|
| ||||||
| Thresholds for cumulative logit | ||||||
| First | −4.744***
(0.342) |
−4.749***
(0.240) |
−4.745***
(0.140) |
−4.745***
(0.149) |
−4.605***
(0.141) |
−4.589***
(0.281) |
| Second | −2.646***
(0.321) |
−2.651***
(0.213) |
−2.646***
(0.097) |
−2.647***
(0.109) |
−2.497***
(0.097) |
−2.482***
(0.264) |
| Third | −0.579 (0.314) |
−0.584**
(0.186) |
−0.580***
(0.060) |
−0.581***
(0.083) |
−0.412***
(0.056) |
−0.396 (0.262) |
| Fourth | 1.507***
(0.318) |
1.502***
(0.177) |
1.507***
(0.040) |
1.506***
(0.074) |
1.696***
(0.029) |
1.712***
(0.270) |
| Random intercept | 0.352***
(0.067) |
0.316***
(0.063) |
0.351***
(0.066) |
0.351***
(0.067) |
0.362***
(0.068) |
0.315***
(0.062) |
N=313,554;
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001