Table 2.

Case-control analyses on the association of preexisting cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease with hysterectomy with ovarian conservation stratified by age of the surgery

Risk Factor or Disease	Women with Hysterectomy n (%)	Referent Women n (%)	Univariable Analyses			Multivariable Analyses^a
Risk Factor or Disease	Women with Hysterectomy n (%)	Referent Women n (%)	OR	95% CI	p-value	OR	95% CI	p-value
Age ≤ 35 years (939 cases; 939 controls)
Cardiovascular risk factor
Diabetes	9 (1.0)	10 (1.1)	0.90	(0.37-2.21)	0.82	1.04	(0.41-2.64)	0.93
Hyperlipidemia	12 (1.3)	12 (1.3)	1.00	(0.45-2.23)	1.00	0.82	(0.36-1.88)	0.64
Hypertension	20 (2.1)	21 (2.2)	0.94	(0.49-1.83)	0.87	0.72	(0.36-1.44)	0.36
Obesity	113 (12.0)	63 (6.7)	1.86	(1.35-2.56)	<0.001	1.89	(1.37-2.62)	<0.001
Metabolic syndrome^b	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Polycystic ovary syndrome	5 (0.5)	1 (0.1)	5.00	(0.58-42.80)	0.14	4.88	(0.54-43.76)	0.16
Cardiovascular disease
CAD	0 (0.0)	1 (0.1)	...	...	...	...	...	...
CHF	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Myocardial infarction	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...
Cardiac disease composite^c	1 (0.1)	1 (0.1)	1.00	(0.06-15.99)	1.00	...	...	...
Stroke	7 (0.7)	0 (0.0)	9.61	(1.87-infinity)	0.02	...	...	...
CVD composite^d	7 (0.7)	1 (0.1)	7.00	(0.86-56.89)	0.07	...	...	...
Age 36-40 years (978 cases; 978 controls)
Cardiovascular risk factor
Diabetes	17 (1.7)	10 (1.0)	1.70	(0.78-3.71)	0.18	1.31	(0.58-2.93)	0.51
Hyperlipidemia	39 (4.0)	22 (2.2)	1.77	(1.05-2.99)	0.03	1.46	(0.84-2.55)	0.18
Hypertension	54 (5.5)	26 (2.7)	2.22	(1.36-3.63)	0.002	1.92	(1.15-3.20)	0.01
Obesity	142 (14.5)	110 (11.2)	1.33	(1.02-1.74)	0.03	1.17	(0.88-1.54)	0.28
Metabolic syndrome^b	14 (1.4)	4 (0.4)	3.50	(1.15-10.63)	0.03	...	...	...
Polycystic ovary syndrome	3 (0.3)	3 (0.3)	1.00	(0.20-4.95)	1.00	0.73	(0.14-3.80)	0.71
Cardiovascular disease
CAD	1 (0.1)	2 (0.2)	0.50	(0.05-5.51)	0.57	...	...	...
CHF	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Myocardial infarction	2 (0.2)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Cardiac disease composite^c	2 (0.2)	2 (0.2)	1.00	(0.14-7.10)	1.00	...	...	...
Stroke	5 (0.5)	4 (0.4)	1.25	(0.34-4.65)	0.74	...	...	...
CVD composite^d	7 (0.7)	6 (0.6)	1.17	(0.39-3.47)	0.78	...	...	...
Age 41-45 years (870 cases; 870 controls)
Cardiovascular risk factor
Diabetes	13 (1.5)	20 (2.3)	0.65	(0.32-1.31)	0.23	0.59	(0.29-1.20)	0.15
Hyperlipidemia	29 (3.3)	28 (3.2)	1.04	(0.61-1.76)	0.89	1.00	(0.59-1.72)	0.99
Hypertension	48 (5.5)	46 (5.3)	1.05	(0.68-1.62)	0.83	0.93	(0.59-1.45)	0.74
Obesity	141 (16.2)	107 (12.3)	1.40	(1.06-1.86)	0.02	1.44	(1.08-1.93)	0.01
Metabolic syndrome^b	7 (0.8)	2 (0.2)	3.50	(0.73-16.85)	0.12	...	...	...
Polycystic ovary syndrome	2 (0.2)	1 (0.1)	2.00	(0.18-22.06)	0.57	1.57	(0.14-17.51)	0.71
Cardiovascular disease
CAD	4 (0.5)	3 (0.3)	1.33	(0.30-5.96)	0.71	...	...	...
CHF	1 (0.1)	1 (0.1)	1.00	(0.06-15.99)	1.00	...	...	...
Myocardial infarction	2 (0.2)	1 (0.1)	2.00	(0.18-22.06)	0.57	...	...	...
Cardiac disease composite^c	5 (0.6)	5 (0.6)	1.00	(0.29-3.45)	1.00	...	...	...
Stroke	5 (0.6)	1 (0.1)	5.00	(0.58-42.80)	0.14	...	...	...
CVD Composite^d	10 (1.1)	6 (0.7)	1.67	(0.61-4.59)	0.32	...	...	...
Age 46-50 years (390 cases; 390 controls)
Cardiovascular risk factor
Diabetes	12 (3.1)	7 (1.8)	1.71	(0.67-4.35)	0.26	1.28	(0.48-3.38)	0.62
Hyperlipidemia	15 (3.8)	8 (2.1)	1.87	(0.79-4.42)	0.15	1.53	(0.63-3.71)	0.34
Hypertension	35 (9.0)	25 (6.4)	1.42	(0.84-2.39)	0.19	1.24	(0.72-2.13)	0.43
Obesity	74 (19.0)	48 (12.3)	1.63	(1.11-2.41)	0.01	1.52	(1.01-2.27)	0.04
Metabolic syndrome^b	6 (1.5)	2 (0.5)	3.00	(0.61-14.86)	0.18	...	...	...
Polycystic ovary syndrome^c	0 (0.0)	1 (0.3)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Cardiovascular disease
CAD	3 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
CHF	0 (0.0)	1 (0.3)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Myocardial infarction	0 (0.0)	2 (0.5)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Cardiac disease composite^c	3 (0.8)	3 (0.8)	1.00	(0.20-4.95)	1.00	...	...	...
Stroke	1 (0.3)	1 (0.3)	1.00	(0.06-15.99)	1.00	...	...	...
CVD composite^d	3 (0.8)	4 (1.0)	0.75	(0.17-3.35)	0.71	...	...	...
Age > 50 years (639 cases; 639 controls)
Cardiovascular risk factor
Diabetes	38 (5.9)	46 (7.2)	0.82	(0.53-1.27)	0.37	0.73	(0.46-1.15)	0.17
Hyperlipidemia	40 (6.3)	28 (4.4)	1.55	(0.90-2.64)	0.11	1.55	(0.89-2.68)	0.12
Hypertension	149 (23.3)	149 (23.3)	1.00	(0.76-1.32)	1.00	0.92	(0.69-1.23)	0.57
Obesity	167 (26.1)	141 (22.1)	1.25	(0.97-1.63)	0.09	1.30	(0.99-1.71)	0.06
Metabolic syndrome^b	31 (4.9)	24 (3.8)	1.33	(0.76-2.35)	0.32	...	...	...
Polycystic ovary syndrome^e	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	...	...	...	...	...	...
Cardiovascular disease
CAD	39 (6.1)	38 (5.9)	1.03	(0.65-1.64)	0.91	...	...	...
CHF	5 (0.8)	14 (2.2)	0.36	(0.13-0.99)	0.05	...	...	...
Myocardial infarction	8 (1.3)	11 (1.7)	0.73	(0.29-1.81)	0.49	...	...	...
Cardiac disease composite^c	44 (6.9)	45 (7.0)	0.98	(0.63-1.52)	0.91	...	...	...
Stroke	9 (1.4)	22 (3.4)	0.41	(0.19-0.89)	0.02	...	...	...
CVD composite^d	49 (7.7)	58 (9.1)	0.82	(0.55-1.24)	0.35	...	...	...

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CVD, cardiovascular disease.

Cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated in a full multivariable logistic regression model that included diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was not included because it was defined using variables already included in the model.

Metabolic syndrome was defined as 3 or more of the following 4 conditions: hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, or obesity, or as a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome.

The cardiac disease composite included CAD, myocardial infarction, and CHF.

The CVD composite included CAD, myocardial infarction, CHF, and stroke.

Polycystic ovary syndrome was not included in the full multivariate model for the age strata 46-50 and > 50 years because of the small numbers.