Table 2.

Etiology, therapy and outcome in the reviewed SEAs cases.

Patient	Year of study [reference]	Etiologya	Source of isolate	Osteomyelitisa	Surgery	Empiric therapy	Targeted therapyb	Duration of therapyb	Outcome
1	2001 [8]	Staphylococcus aureus	Pus	Absent	T9–T12 laminectomy	N/A	Not specified iv anti-staphylococcal antibiotics	N/A	No deficit after 18 months follow up
2	2011 [9]	MSSA	Blood	Absent	Thoracic laminectomy-drainage	Cefotaxime	Ceftriaxone	4 weeks	Residual headache and paraspinal pain for subsequent 3 years
3	2011 [10]	MSSA	Pus	Absent	Drainage	Vancomycin + Ceftriaxone	Clindamycin+ Ceftriaxone iv then Clindamycin + Cefuroxime per os	7.5 weeks	No deficit
4	2012 [11]	MSSA	Pus and Blood	Absent	Right sided laminectomy drainage	Ampicillin + Gentamicin Then Vancomycin + Meropenem	Flucloxacillin + Ampicillin	8 weeks (Note: E. faecalis from urine and renal abscess)	No deficit
5	2012 [12]	Staphylococcus aureus	Pus	N/A	L2–L3 laminectomy drainage	N/A	Cefazolin Then Cephalexin	6 weeks	No deficit
6	2013 [13]	Unknown	–	Absent	None	Ceftriaxone + Vancomycin	N/A	6 weeks	No deficit
7	2013 [14]	Unknown	–	Absent	None	Nafcillin, Vancomycin Then Clindamycin (+Vancomycin on readmission)	N/A	N/A	Standing with assistance on discharge
8	2013 [14]	MRSA	Blood	Absent	Left laminectomy T5–L2	Clindamycin iv+ Vancomycin iv+ Rifampin iv	Clindamycinperos + Rifampinperos	N/A	No deficit
9	2013 [14]	Unknown	–	Absent	None	Daptomycin iv+ Doripenem iv+ Doxycycline ThenDoxycycline + Doripenem	N/A	N/A	No deficit
10	2013 [Present report]	MSSA	Pus	Absent	L2 Laminectomy-abscess drainage	Vancomycin + meropenem	Ceftriaxone + Clindamycin iv, Then amoxicillin/clavulanate + rifampicin per os	8 months	No deficit
11	2014 [16]	Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus	Pus	Absent	L4–L5, Partial S1 Laminectomy and drainage	N/A	Ceftriaxone	6 weeks	No deficit

^aMSSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; where not specified: not reported.

^bN/A, Not available.