Table 7.
Means (SD) for each cluster and differences between three clusters regarding variables of interest
| Low (1) | Combined (2) | RA only (3) | Group comparisona | Low (1) | Combined (2) | RA only (3) | Group comparisona | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressed/anxious | .76 (1.20) | 1.93 (1.78) | 1.57 (1.70) | 2 > 1, 3 > 1 | Aggressive CD [n(%)] | 11 (4.7) | 29 (51.8) | 23 (17.4) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Suicide ideation | .09 (.43) | .41 (1.04) | .32 (.85) | 2 > 1, 3 > 1 | YPI Total Score | 73.01 (10.97) | 106.94 (18.55) | 89.46 (18.55) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Social problems | 1.50 (1.90) | 3.91 (2.61) | 2.26 (2.33) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 | YPI ID | 23.56 (4.55) | 35.50 (9.31) | 28.29 (6.78) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Prosocial behavior | 8.72 (1.50) | 7.58 (1.64) | 8.01 (1.69) | 2 < 1, 3 < 1 | YPI AD | 25.13 (4.53) | 34.04 (7.06) | 29.33 (5.89) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Peer problems | 1.92 (1.51) | 2.32 (1.47) | 2.18 (1.57) | 2 > 1 | YPI BD | 24.29 (5.67) | 37.58 (7.28) | 31.90 (6.74) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Aggressive behavior | 1.79 (2.06) | 10.12 (4.88) | 5.44 (3.51) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 | Violent Offenses | .35 (.69) | 2.40 (1.51) | .84 (.96) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Aggr.CD sympt. | .19 (.49) | 1.18 (1.36) | .54 (.96) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 | Theft | .94 (1.51) | 4.92 (2.95) | 2.10 (2.11) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Angry irritable | .92 (.49) | 4.08 (2.11) | 2.78 (2.24) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 | Vandalism | .33 (.71) | 2.60 (1.62) | .92 (1.14) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| Alcohol/drug use | .59 (1.28) | 3.43 (2.41) | 1.58 (2.04) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 | Threats/Insults | .24 (.63) | 2.25 (1.24) | 0..83 (.97) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| SUD [n (%)] | 70 (26.5) | 73 (83.9) | 111 (59.7) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 b | Drug-related offenses | .11 (.45) | 1.19 (1.26) | .38 (.70) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 |
| CD [n (%)] | 14 (6.0) | 35 (62.5) | 27 (20.5) | 2 > 1, 3; 3 > 1 b |
RA reactive aggression only, Aggr. CD sympt. number of aggressive conduct disorder symptoms, SUD substance use disorder, CD conduct disorder, YPI youth psychopathic traits inventory, ID Interpersonal Dimension, AD Affective dimensions, BD Behavioral dimension, bold numbers refer to moderate effect sizes (Cohen’s d from .30 to .79); Underlined numbers refer to large effect sizes (Cohen’s d of .80 or higher) (for categorical variables odds ratios were calculated by a 2 × 2 table and transformed to effect size by ln (OR)/1.81 (Chin, 2000)
aBased on Mann–Whitney (p < .01) for continuous variables and Chi square (p < .01) for categorical variables
bEffect Sizes close to .80 cut-off (.78 and .77, respectively)