Localization of PE and PEU in co-transformed aleurone and subaleurone cells. a PEU was sorted in the vacuole (asterisk) in aleurone cells. PEU is located at the PM (arrow) and sorted in vacuoles (asterisk) in co-bombarded HvVPS24-mCh cells. Note the affected sorting of PEU in co-transformed HvVPS60a-mCh cells, where PEU is localized at the pm (arrow), at agglomerations (open arrowheads) and at vacuolar membranes (arrowheads). b PEU is localized at the pm (arrowhead) and sorted in the vacuole in subaleurone cells (asterisks). In HvVPS24-mCh co-bombarded cells, PEU is localized weakly at the pm (arrowhead) and sorted in the vacuole. PEU is also sorted in the vacuole in co-transformed HvVPS60a-mCh cells (asterisk). Scale = 5 μm. c Statistical analyses of localizations of PEU in co-transformed HvVPS24-mCh and HvVPS60a-mCh aleurone cells. Biological replicates: 3 and 5 times for co-transformation with HvVPS24m-Ch and HvVPS60a-mCh, respectively; n (co-transformed cells with HvVPS24-mCh/HvVPS60a-mCh: 15/28). d Statistical analyses of localization of PEU in co-transformed HvVPS24-mCh and HvVPS60a-mCh aleurone cells. Biological replicates: 3 and 6 times for co-transformation with HvVPS24m-Ch and HvVPS60a-mCh, respectively; n (co-transformed cells with HvVPS24-mCh/HvVPS60a-mCh: 15/28). The difference in the localization of PEU in aleurone cells in the vacuolar lumen alone or in the presence of HvVPS60a-mCh is statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas in subaleurone, the difference in the localization of PEU alone or in presence of HvVPS60a-mCh is not significant (P > 0.05). Plus ends of the standard deviation are indicated. e Summary of the statistical analyses of PEU in co-transformed HvVPS24m-Ch and HvVPS60a-mCh aleurone and subaleurone cells. Note the different localization of PEU in co-transformed HvVPS60a-mCh aleurone cells. Plus ends of the standard deviation are indicated. A aleurone, SA subaleurone, pm plasma membrane, agglo agglomeration, vl vacuolar lumen, vm vacuolar membrane.