Table 3. Univariate analysis of predictors for major causes of heart failure.
| CHD (n = 503) |
DCM (n = 155) |
VHD (n = 155) |
||||
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age, yrs | 1.020 (0.995−1.045) | 0.121 | 1.003 (0.980−1.027) | 0.788 | 1.027 (0.995−1.060) | 0.100 |
| Male vs. female | 1.641 (0.957−2.813) | 0.072 | 0.942 (0.429−2.066) | 0.881 | 0.672 (0.314−1.438) | 0.306 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.835 (0.769−0.906) | 0.000 | 0.909 (0.837−0.987) | 0.024 | 0.902 (0.814−1.001) | 0.052 |
| SBP, mmHg | 0.981 (0.967−0.995) | 0.007 | 0.971 (0.949−0.994) | 0.015 | 0.988 (0.968−1.009) | 0.254 |
| DBP, mmHg | 0.988 (0.966−1.011) | 0.300 | 0.954 (0.924−0.985) | 0.004 | 0.986 (0.959−1.014) | 0.312 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 1.036 (1.020−1.052) | 0.000 | 0.983 (0.965−1.001) | 0.069 | 1.009 (0.990−1.029) | 0.341 |
| NYHA class | 1.894 (1.308−2.743) | 0.001 | 1.751 (1.016−3.020) | 0.044 | 2.530 (1.357−4.718) | 0.003 |
| LVEF, % | 0.932 (0.913−0.952) | 0.000 | 0.958 (0.915−1.003) | 0.067 | 0.966 (0.942−0.991) | 0.009 |
| RDW, % (IQR) | 1.464 (1.327−1.616) | 0.000 | 1.355 (1.225−1.499) | 0.000 | 1.086 (0.915−1.289) | 0.344 |
| NT-proBNP, fmol/mL(IQR) | 1.000 (1.000−1.000) | 0.000 | 1.001 (1.000−1.001) | 0.000 | 1.000 (1.000−1.001) | 0.000 |
| Hb, g/L (IQR) | 0.976 (0.964−0.988) | 0.000 | 0.993 (0.975−1.011) | 0.456 | 0.989 (0.973−1.005) | 0.193 |
| RBC, 1012/L (IQR) | 0.673 (0.443−1.023) | 0.064 | 0.849 (0.521−1.386) | 0.513 | 0.640 (0.385−1.062) | 0.084 |
| TP, g/L (IQR) | 0.965 (0.930−1.001) | 0.059 | 0.953 (0.911−0.998) | 0.039 | 0.960 (0.925−0.996) | 0.031 |
| ALB, g/L (IQR) | 0.844 (0.802−0.887) | 0.000 | 0.884 (0.832−0.939) | 0.000 | 0.915 (0.864−0.970) | 0.003 |
| ALT, IU/L (IQR) | 1.003 (1.002−1.004) | 0.000 | 1.000 (0.993−1.007) | 0.929 | 1.003 (1.001−1.005) | 0.001 |
| AST, IU/L (IQR) | 1.001 (1.001−1.002) | 0.000 | 1.000 (0.992−1.008) | 0.959 | 1.004 (1.002−1.006) | 0.000 |
| TBIL, µmol/L (IQR) | 1.011 (1.003−1.020) | 0.006 | 1.017 (1.008−1.026) | 0.000 | 1.005 (0.995−1.016) | 0.330 |
| DBIL, µmol/L (IQR) | 1.113 (1.075−1.151) | 0.000 | 1.045 (1.030−1.061) | 0.000 | 1.012 (0.990−1.035) | 0.294 |
| BUN, mmol/L (IQR) | 1.119 (1.087−1.152) | 0.000 | 1.197 (1.094−1.309) | 0.000 | 1.067 (1.008−1.131) | 0.027 |
| URIC, µmol/L (IQR) | 1.005 (1.003−1.006) | 0.000 | 1.003 (1.001−1.006) | 0.001 | 1.002 (1.000−1.005) | 0.025 |
| CREA, µmol/L (IQR) | 1.006 (1.003−1.000) | 0.000 | 1.002 (0.990−1.014) | 0.729 | 1.011 (1.005−1.018) | 0.000 |
| hs-CRP, mg/L (IQR) | 1.093 (1.034−1.154) | 0.002 | 1.104 (1.023−1.192) | 0.011 | 1.158 (1.066−1.258) | 0.001 |
ALB: albumin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: body mass index; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CERA: creatinine; CHD: coronary heart disease; DBIL: direct bilirubin; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy; Hb: hemoglobin; hs-CRP: highly sensitive C-reactive protein; HR: hazard ratio; IQR: interquartile range; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP: amino terminal B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA class: New York Heart Association functional class; RBC: red blood cell; RDW: red blood cell distribution width; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TBIL: total bilirubin; TP: total protein; URIC; uric acid; VHD: valvular heart disease.