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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2015 Nov 18;527(7579):512–515. doi: 10.1038/nature15763

Extended Data Figure 3. Photostimulation of insular cortical fields overcomes natural taste valence.

Extended Data Figure 3

a, Quantitation of licking responses in mice expressing ChR2 in the bitter cortical fields (n = 13, ANOVA test, Tukey’s HSD post hoc). Photostimulation of the bitter cortical fields significantly suppress the natural attraction of the sweet tastant (4 mM AceK). b, Quantitation of licking responses in mice expressing ChR2 in the sweet cortical fields (n = 14, ANOVA test, Tukey’s HSD post hoc). Photostimulation of the sweet cortical fields significantly overcomes the natural aversion of the bitter tastant (1 mM quinine). In both experiments, mice were mildly water-restrained (exhibiting an average of ≤ 30 licks per 5-sec water trial) such that they were motivated to drink the bitter and while showing attraction to sweet. Values are mean ± s.e.m.