Median values of the study variables ((A) FPIR, (B) AUC0–10 min for insulin, (C) fasting insulin, (D) fasting glucose, (E) HOMA-IR index and (F) HOMA-IR to FPIR ratio) before the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in the progressors (black line) and in the non-progressors until the last IVGTT (dotted line). Point 0 indicates the time of the diagnosis or the last IVGTT. The x axis indicates years before the diagnosis or the last IVGTT. (A and B) The y axis indicates the unit for the study variable. FPIR and AUC0–10 min for insulin were decreased 0–2 and 2–4 years (P<0.001 for both variables and time periods) and up to the time period of 4–6 years before the diagnosis as compared to the non-progressors (P=0.001 and P=0.002 respectively). (C) Fasting insulin did not differ between the groups before the diagnosis. (D) Fasting glucose differed between the groups 0–2 years before the diagnosis (P=0.008). (E) HOMA-IR index did not differ between the groups before the diagnosis. (F) HOMA-IR to FPIR ratio was increased in the progressors during the time periods 0–2, 2–4 and 4–6 years prior to diagnosis (P<0.001, P<0.001 and P=0.005 respectively).