Table 1.

Cell growth and solvents (ABE) production by re-constructed systems

Re-constructed systems		Aerobic conditions		Anaerobic conditions
C. acetobutylicum cultures	B. cereus TSH2 cultures	Cell growth [21]	ABE (g/L)	Cell growth	ABE (g/L)
C. acetobutylicum TSH1	Cells a	+	13.9 ± 0.9	+	15.6 ± 0.4
	Cell-free culturesb	−	−	+	16.0 ± 0.8
	Cell-free enzymesc	−	−	+	16.6 ± 1.2
	Sterilized culturesd	−	−	+	15.1 ± 0.3
	Whole culturese	+	16.5 ± 1.2	+	16.8 ± 0.5

^aCells were harvested from 10 mL broth by centrifugation at 10,625g for 5 min

^bCultures were filtered using a 0.22 μm pore size filter

^cEnzymes were obtained by cells subjected to ultrasonic treatment at 200 W on ice for 10 min (10 s interval every 30 s), and filtered with a 0.22 μm pore size filter

^dCultures were obtained by the whole culture of B. cereus TSH2 autoclaved at 121 °C for 20 min

^eCultures were the fresh broth of B. cereus TSH2