Table 3. Cox proportional hazards analysis of CVD risk in subgroups of psoriasis patients with sleep disorders, as compared with psoriasis patients without sleep disorders.
| Crude HR | (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted HR* (ATE) | (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psoriasis with PsA (N = 9,098) | ||||||
| Ischemic heart disease or acute stroke | 1.57 | (1.14–2.16) | 0.01 | 1.12 | (1.03–1.22) | 0.01 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.53 | (1.10–2.14) | 0.01 | 1.01 | (0.93–1.11) | 0.76 |
| Stroke | 1.32 | (0.49–3.59) | 0.58 | 0.64 | (0.48–0.84) | <0.01 |
| Psoriasis without PsA (N = 90,530) | ||||||
| Ischemic heart disease or acute stroke | 1.79 | (1.61–1.99) | <0.001 | 1.40 | (1.37–1.44) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.79 | (1.61–2.00) | <0.001 | 1.28 | (1.24–1.31) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 1.78 | (1.36–2.33) | <0.001 | 1.30 | (1.21–1.40) | <0.001 |
| Severe psoriasis (N = 15,615) | ||||||
| Ischemic heart disease or acute stroke | 1.34 | (1.07–1.69) | 0.01 | 1.12 | (1.06–1.19) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.35 | (1.07–1.71) | 0.01 | 1.03 | (0.97–1.09) | 0.42 |
| Stroke | 1.00 | (0.49–2.01) | 0.99 | 0.78 | (0.66–0.92) | <0.01 |
| Mild psoriasis (N = 84,013) | ||||||
| Ischemic heart disease or acute stroke | 1.88 | (1.68–2.10) | <0.001 | 1.44 | (1.40–1.48) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.89 | (1.67–2.11) | <0.001 | 1.32 | (1.28–1.36) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 2.06 | (1.56–2.73) | <0.001 | 1.40 | (1.30–1.51) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ATE: average treatment effect; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval
*Adjusted for sex, age category, comorbidities within 1 year before index date (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, alcoholism), psychiatric disorders within 6 months after the index date (depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, alcoholism) and propensity score weighting.