Table 1.
Distribution of background and sociodemographic variables by sexual debut and gender
| Background and sociodemographic variables | Males
|
Females
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No debut (n=423), % | Debut (n=1,143), % | No debut vs debut, OR (95% CI)* | P-value | No debut (n=407), % | Debut (n=1,407), % | No debut vs debut, OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Living situation | ||||||||
| Living with both parents or alternating | 96.2 | 90.7 | 2.60 (1.52–4.45) <0.001 | 94.3 | 82.2 | 3.61 (2.32–5.62) | <0.001 | |
| Other | 3.8 | 9.3 | Reference | 5.7 | 17.8 | Reference | ||
| Study program | ||||||||
| Theoretical | 50.4 | 44.0 | 1.59 (1.02–2.48) 0.042 | 56.3 | 48.0 | 1.09 (0.67–1.78) | 0.727 | |
| Practical | 43.0 | 46.8 | 1.28 (0.81–2.00) 0.288 | 38.1 | 46.8 | 0.76 (0.46–1.25) | 0.277 | |
| Individual program | 6.6 | 9.2 | Reference | 5.7 | 5.3 | Reference | ||
| Father’s employment | ||||||||
| Active (work, parental leave, studies) | 88.2 | 87.9 | 1.02 (0.73–1.45) 0.891 | 82.8 | 85.4 | 0.82 (0.61–1.10) | 0.193 | |
| Inactive (unemployed, pensioner) | 11.8 | 12.1 | Reference | 17.2 | 14.6 | Reference | ||
| Mother’s employment | ||||||||
| Active (work, parental leave, studies) | 89.6 | 87.8 | 1.20 (0.84–1.72) 0.314 | 86.2 | 87.5 | 0.90 (0.65–1.24) | 0.506 | |
| Inactive (unemployed, pensioner) | 10.4 | 12.2 | Reference | 13.8 | 12.5 | Reference | ||
| Father’s education | ||||||||
| No university | 48.6 | 50.4 | Reference | 46.5 | 53.3 | Reference | ||
| University | 32.9 | 33.3 | 1.03 (0.80–1.32) 0.845 | 38.3 | 29.7 | 1.48 (1.16–1.89) | 0.002 | |
| Do not know | 18.5 | 16.3 | 1.18 (0.86–1.61) 0.294 | 15.2 | 17.0 | 1.02 (0.74–1.42) | 0.891 | |
| Mother’s education | ||||||||
| No university | 38.6 | 43.1 | Reference | 40.3 | 46.4 | Reference | ||
| University | 43.8 | 43.9 | 1.12 (0.87–1.42) 0.384 | 45.3 | 42.3 | 1.23 (0.97–1.56) | 0.088 | |
| Do not know | 17.6 | 13.1 | 1.51 (1.08–2.10) 0.015 | 14.4 | 11.3 | 1.47 (1.04–2.07) | 0.030 | |
| Adolescent immigrant status | ||||||||
| Swedish | 94.5 | 93.0 | Reference | 88.2 | 94.4 | Reference | ||
| European countries other than | 2.4 | 3.0 | 0.77 (0.38–1.58) 0.482 | 4.9 | 3.1 | 1.71 (0.99–2.94) | 0.054 | |
| Sweden | ||||||||
| Outside Europe | 3.1 | 4.0 | 0.76 (0.41–1.42) 0.392 | 6.9 | 2.5 | 2.93 (1.76–4.89) | <0.001 | |
| Parental immigrant status | ||||||||
| Swedish | 82.0 | 79.0 | Reference | 63.2 | 83.0 | Reference | ||
| European countries other than Sweden | 10.1 | 11.1 | 0.88 (0.60–1.27) 0.489 | 12.8 | 11.2 | 1.50 (1.06–2.12) | 0.021 | |
| Outside Europe | 7.9 | 9.4 | 0.76 (0.51–1.15) 0.192 | 24.1 | 5.8 | 5.48 (3.95–7.59) | <0.001 | |
| Parental Bonding Instrument cutoff 20 | ||||||||
| Low care, mother | 18.0 | 23.4 | Reference | 17.5 | 19.7 | Reference | ||
| Care, mother | 82.0 | 76.6 | 1.40 (1.05–1.86) 0.023 | 82.5 | 80.3 | 1.16 (0.86–1.54) | 0.329 | |
| Low care, father | 13.0 | 22.0 | Reference | 17.2 | 22.4 | Reference | ||
| Care, father | 87.0 | 78.0 | 1.89 (1.36–2.62) <0.001 | 82.8 | 77.6 | 1.39 (1.04–1.87) | 0.029 | |
| High overprotection, mother | 14.5 | 20.1 | Reference | 18.1 | 18.0 | Reference | ||
| Overprotection, mother | 85.5 | 79.9 | 1.48 (1.08–2.02) 0.015 | 81.9 | 82.0 | 0.99 (0.74–1.33) | 0.969 | |
| High overprotection, father | 9.7 | 16.1 | Reference | 20.4 | 20.9 | Reference | ||
| Overprotection, father | 90.3 | 83.9 | 1.78 (1.23–2.59) 0.002 | 79.6 | 79.1 | 1.03 (0.78–1.36) | 0.852 | |
Notes:
*
Unadjusted OR and corresponding CI (outcome = no sexual debut or debut and predictor for each sociodemographic variable; each predictor modeled separately).
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.