Table 1. Hemodynamic and functional characteristics.
Conductance and echocardiographic results presented as median (range) as the data is not normally distributed. Pes: end-systolic pressure, Ped: end-diastolic pressure. Sham (n = 3), PAB (n = 5), and PAB+ERB (n = 5). The groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparisons. Post hoc test showed:
| LV | Sham (Range) | PAB (Range) | PAB+ERB (Range) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conductance | ||||
| dP/dt max (mmHg/s) | 1536 (1258 to 3307) | 1655 (1229 to 2460) | 1385 (1152 to 2429) | |
| Tau | 24 (12 to 35) | 16 (13 to 21) | 21 (17 to 30) | |
| Pes (mmHg) | 45 (44 to 77) | 45 (38 to 67) | 33 (23 to 76) | |
| Ped (mmHg) | 13 (7 to 15) | 7 (0 to 11) | 4 (1 to 25) | |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| E’ (cm/s) | 9.2 (7.2 to 11.9) | 4.1 (1.6 to5.9) | 5.6 (2.7 to 5.3) | |
| S’ (cm/s) | 4.8 (4.5 to 7.9) | 3.2 (1.1 to 3.7) | 4.5 (3.9 to 5.3) | |
| MPI | 0.45 (0.41 to 0.61) | 0.43 (0.39 to 0.53) | 0.35 (0.27 to 0.39) | |
| FS (%) | 32 (21 to 39) | 39.5 (26 to 43) | 36 (31 to 48) | |
| RV | ||||
| Conductance | ||||
| dP/dt max (mmHg/s) | 571 (484 to 776) | 525 (435 to 919) | 871 (636 to 2593) | |
| Tau | 7 (4 to 20) | 28* (27 to 32) | 24 (19 to 28) | |
| Pes (mmHg) | 18 (13 to 18) | 24 (21 to 34) | 26 (21 to 39) | |
| Ped (mmHg) | 3 (1 to 6) | 10 (4 to 12) | 6 (5 to 11) | |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| E’ (cm/s) | 12.7 (9.5 to 23.1) | 4 (1.8 to 8) | 9.8 (2.5 to 13.8) | |
| S’ (cm/s) | 9.7 (5.5 to 11.2) | 3.2** (2 to 3.5) | 6 (1.9 to 8.4) | |
| MPI | 0.17 (0.12 to 0.47) | 0.36 (0.21 to 0.57) | 0.28 (0.15 to 0.49) | |
| TAPSE (cm) | 0.44 (0.31 to 0.53) | 0.31 (0.23 to 0.45) | 0.38 (0.29 to 0.55) | |
*RV Tau, the time constant of pressure decay increased with PAB compared to Sham p≤0.05, but did not change with addition of macitentan.
**RV-S’ decreased with PAB compared to Sham p≤0.05, however no significant increase with addition of macitentan.