Table 4.

Results from GEE Model Predicting Externalizing Behavior

Variables	b (SE)	t	CI
Maltreatment Group (ref = Sexual Abuse)
CPS, no sex abuse	−2.30 (0.59)	−3.88***	−3.46	−1.14
No maltreatment	−4.07 (1.00)	−4.05****	−6.03	−2.10
Age	−0.14 (0.03)	−5.39****	−0.19	−0.09
Baseline Externalizing Prob	0.50 (0.02)	21.64****	0.46	0.55
Polyvictimization (ref = no)	0.58 (0.58)	1.01	−0.55	1.71
Pre-4 Maltreatment	−0.14 (0.80)	−0.17	−1.72	1.44
Child Gender (ref =female )	1.71 (0.41)	4.22****	0.91	2.51
Race/Ethnicity (ref = ‘other’)
African American	−0.22 (0.57)	−0.39	−1.34	0.89
White	0.36 (0.61)	0.59	−0.84	1.56
Study Site (ref = Southwest)
East	−0.59 (0.79)	−0.75	−2.13	0.96
Midwest	−1.61 (0.70)	−2.31*	−2.98	−0.25
South	−1.18 (0.74)	−1.59	−2.62	0.28
Northwest	−0.78 (0.60)	−1.29	−1.96	0.40

Model 1 Fit (χ² = 1425.25, p<.0001; N = 5137, −2LogLiklihood = 34825.4)