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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2016 Feb;54(2):180–187. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000465

Table 3.

Comparative Performance of Comorbidity Scores in Predicting Surgical Outcomes

Comorbidity Score
C-Statistics (95% CI)		 30-Day
Mortality		 1-Year
Mortality		 30-Day
Readmission		 Complications Failure To
Rescue
Baseline model (age, gender, race/ethnicity, procedure type, dual eligibility status, original reason for entitlement) 0.698
(0.687, 0.709)		 0.689
(0.682, 0.696)		 0.591
(0.582, 0.600)		 0.697
(0.692, 0.703)		 0.701
(0.689, 0.713)
Comorbidity scores with disease categories †
Charlson disease categories 0.742
(0.732, 0.752)		 0.746
(0.740, 0.753)		 0.624
(0.615, 0.633)		 0.726
(0.721, 0.731)		 0.741
(0.730, 0.752)
Elixhauser disease categories 0.750
(0.740, 0.760)		 0.755
(0.749, 0.761)		 0.629
(0.620, 0.637)		 0.730
(0.725, 0.735)		 0.749
(0.738, 0.760)
Combined disease categories 0.749
(0.739, 0.759)		 0.753
(0.747, 0.759)		 0.627
(0.618, 0.636)		 0.729
(0.724, 0.734)		 0.747
(0.736, 0.759)
CDS disease categories 0.725
(0.715, 0.736)		 0.727
(0.721, 0.733)		 0.617
(0.609, 0.627)		 0.714
(0.709, 0.719)		 0.726
(0.715, 0.737)
Diagnosis-based summary comorbidity score ‡
CCS original 0.729
(0.719, 0.739)		 0.737
(0.731, 0.743)		 0.615
(0.606, 0.624)		 0.715
(0.709, 0.720)		 0.729
(0.717, 0.740)
CCS/Schneeweiss 0.735
(0.725, 0.746)		 0.742
(0.736, 0.749)		 0.620
(0.611, 0.629)		 0.719
(0.714, 0.724)		 0.735
(0.724, 0.746)
CCS/Quan 0.730
(0.719, 0.741)		 0.737
(0.730, 0.744)		 0.614
(0.605, 0.623)		 0.713
(0.708, 0.718)		 0.730
(0.718, 0.741)
Royal College of Surgeons CCS§ 0.731
(0.721, 0.741)		 0.734
(0.727, 0.740)		 0.616
(0.607, 0.625)		 0.717
(0.712, 0.722)		 0.731
(0.720, 0.742)
CCS/number of disease 0.731
(0.721, 0.742)		 0.734
(0.728, 0.740)		 0.617
(0.608, 0.626)		 0.717
(0.712, 0.722)		 0.731
(0.720, 0.742)
Elixhauser summary score 0.741
(0.731, 0.752)		 0.745
(0.739, 0.751)		 0.618
(0.609, 0.626)		 0.716
(0.711, 0.721)		 0.740
(0.729, 0.751)
Elixhauser/number of disease 0.720
(0.710, 0.730)		 0.718
(0.711, 0.724)		 0.615
(0.607, 0.624)		 0.713
(0.708, 0.718)		 0.722
(0.711, 0.734)
Combined Comorbidity Score 0.745
(0.735, 0.756)		 0.751
(0.745, 0.757)		 0.619
(0.610, 0.628)		 0.721
(0.716, 0.726)		 0.743
(0.732, 0.754)
Combined Comorbidity/number of disease 0.728
(0.718, 0.738)		 0.728
(0.721, 0.734)		 0.616
(0.608, 0.625)		 0.716
(0.711, 0.721)		 0.730
(0.719, 0.741)
CMS-HCC 0.797
(0.789, 0.806)		 0.798
(0.793, 0.803)		 0.630
(0.622, 0.639)		 0.766
(0.762, 0.771)		 0.811
(0.802, 0.820)
Prescription-based summary comorbidity score
CDS 0.700
(0.690, 0.710)		 0.696
(0.689, 0.702)		 0.603
(0.594, 0.612)		 0.703
(0.698, 0.708)		 0.704
(0.692, 0.716)
CDS/number of disease 0.700
(0.690, 0.710)		 0.691
(0.684, 0.698)		 0.595
(0.586, 0.604)		 0.700
(0.695, 0.705)		 0.704
(0.692, 0.717)

Abbreviations: CCS, Charlson comorbidity score; CMS-HCC, Center for Medicare & Medicaid – Hierarchical Conditions Categories; CDS, chronic disease score

†

Top 2 comorbidity scores from disease categories are highlighted in light gray color.

‡

Top 2 comorbidity scores from diagnosis-based summary score are highlighted in light gray color.