Table 1.
Demographic and Descriptive Data for the 68 Children in the Study
| Variable | Time 1 | Time 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 8.5 (1.2) | 10.5 (1.3) |
| WJ-III Broad Reading scorea | 110 (19) | 108 (17) |
| WJ-III Basic Reading score | 111 (17) | 106 (14) |
| TOWRE Sight Word Efficiency score | 102 (16) | 102 (13) |
| TOWRE Phonemic Decoding score | 103 (17) | 103 (18) |
| WASI Verbal IQ | 111 (15) | 116 (14) |
| WASI Performance IQ | 111 (17) | 111 (16) |
| PPVT-III score | 113 (13) | 115 (14) |
| CTOPP Phonological Awareness score | 108 (17) | 104 (15) |
Note: The table shows means, with standard deviations in parentheses. WJ-III = Woodcock-Johnson Test of Achievement, third edition (Woodcock, McGrew, & Mather, 2001); TOWRE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency (Torgesen, Wagner, & Rashotte, 1999); WASI = Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence (Wechsler, 1999); PPVT-III = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, third edition (Dunn & Dunn, 1997); CTOPP = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (Wagner, Torgesen, & Rashotte, 1999).
a
WJ-III Broad Reading score was the outcome variable at Time 2.