Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with and without AKI
| All patients (n= 54) | No AKI (n= 42) | AKI (n= 12) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) | 38 (70.4) | 31 (73.8) | 7 (58.3) | 0.309 |
| Age (y) | 60.5±13.0 | 59.7±14.0 | 63.4±8.5 | 0.382 |
| Medical history | ||||
| DM | 31 (57.4) | 20 (47.6) | 11 (91.7) | 0.008 |
| HTN | 49 (90.7) | 39 (92.9) | 10 (83.3) | 0.306 |
| IHD | 13 (24.1) | 9 (21.4) | 4 (33.3) | 0.453 |
| CVA | 11 (20.4) | 8 (19.0) | 3 (25.0) | 0.693 |
| PAD | 5 (9.3) | 4 (9.5) | 1 (8.3) | 0.900 |
| Baseline renal function | ||||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.85±0.85 | 1.87±0.83 | 1.80±0.94 | 0.811 |
| RUP/Cr (g/g) | 3.75±3.14 | 3.32±3.10 | 6.11±2.52 | 0.103 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 45.3±20.7 | 44.3±18.6 | 48.7±27.9 | 0.544 |
| Right kidney size (cm) | 10.43±1.56 | 10.45±1.72 | 10.36±0.89 | 0.859 |
| Systemic factor | ||||
| Hb (g/dL) | 11.94±2.19 | 12.05±2.30 | 11.55±1.81 | 0.492 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.94±0.55 | 3.92±0.55 | 4.00±0.56 | 0.660 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 139.5±27.4 | 137.8±28.0 | 145.5±25.4 | 0.400 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78.6±16.0 | 78.9±16.4 | 77.5±15.0 | 0.788 |
| PP (mmHg) | 60.9±21.6 | 58.9±22.2 | 68.0±18.1 | 0.201 |
| Cardiac EF (%) | 54.8±10.7 | 54.0±11.6 | 56.6±8.6 | 0.554 |
| Medication | ||||
| ACE inhibitor | 4 (7.4) | 2 (4.8) | 2 (16.7) | 0.210 |
| ARB | 38 (70.4) | 30 (71.4) | 8 (66.7) | 0.734 |
| ACE inhibitor+ARB | 12 (22.2) | 10 (23.8) | 2 (16.7) | 0.714 |
| Diuretics | 30 (55.6) | 20 (47.6) | 10 (83.8) | 0.046 |
| RI | 0.78±0.09 | 0.76±0.09 | 0.85±0.08 | 0.006 |
| RRT | 21 (38.9) | 13 (31.0) | 8 (66.7) | 0.042 |
Data are expressed as n (%) or mean ± SD.
ACE inhibitor, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; Combination, ACE inhibitor and ARB combination; Cr, creatinine; CVA, cerebro-vascular accident; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; EF, ejection fraction; eGFR, glomerular filtration rate estimated by the modified modification of diet in renal disease equation; Hb, hemoglobin; HTN, hypertension; IHD, ischemic heart disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; PP, pulse pressure; RI, resistive index; RRT, renal replacement therapy; RUP, random urine protein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.