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. 2015 Dec 7;(542):1–379. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.542.5975
1 Tip of penis straight or slightly bent (Figs 327, 350) 2
Tip of penis strongly bent (up to 90°) (Figs 354, 356) 19
2 Penis lacks distinct apex (apically smooth, truncate, pointed, with minor apical extension) (Figs 344, 349) 3
Penis with distinct asymmetric apex (with hook, truncate lateral enlargement) (Figs 324, 335) 7
3 Large species, body length 4.1–4.3 mm; penis, lateral aspect, strongly bent (Fig. 345) Laccophilus grammicus (p. 208)
Smaller species, body length 3.5–4.0 mm; penis, lateral aspect, distinctly straighter 4
4 Penis apex broad, clearly twisted (Fig. 349) 5
Penis apex comparatively slender, slightly curved, not twisted (Fig. 347) 6
5 Penis apex with minor but distinct, apical extension (Fig. 350) Laccophilus lineatus (p. 214)
Penis lacks distinct apical extension (Figs 348–349) Laccophilus burgeoni (p. 212)
6 Penis, lateral aspect, slightly and evenly curved; equally broad (Fig. 347) Laccophilus flavoscriptus (p. 210)
Penis, lateral aspect, external curvature uneven; width unequal (Fig. 353) Laccophilus incomptus (p. 224)
7 Penis, lateral aspect, two-sided hooked (Fig. 324); elytra with dark, longitudinal markings variable, mixed (Figs 468–469) Laccophilus mutatus (p. 181)
Penis, lateral aspect, one-sided hooked (Fig. 332); colour pattern of elytra different 8
8 Elytral longitudinal, dark markings complete, not interrupted; each marking from base to apex strongly undulate (Figs 479–480), or elytral colour pattern reduced, no dark markings (Fig. 478); apex of penis strongly hooked (Fig. 332) Laccophilus cyclopis (p. 189)
Elytral dark markings complete, only in part, slightly undulate (in some species elytral dark markings merged into extensive larger area; apex of penis hooked or shape different 9
9 Penis apex distinct, separated by distinct contraction (Fig. 335) 10
Penis apex contraction merged to narrow incision (Fig. 339) 16
10 Base of elytra entirely dark coloured; dark colour interrupted by transverse pale coloured marking which is broken narrowly at suture (Fig. 482) 11
Base of elytra pale coloured; sometimes provided with dark spots but they do not merge to a complete dark, basal area (Fig. 471) 14
11 Dark longitudinal markings of elytra discernible although often partly merged (Fig. 482) 12
Dark longitudinal markings of elytra merged into uniform, dark area (Fig. 483) 13
12 Larger species (body length 3.8–4.3 mm); penis longer and straighter (Fig. 335) Laccophilus necopinus (p. 199)
Small species (body length 3.4–3.8 mm); penis short and curved (Fig. 333) Laccophilus adjutor (p. 196)
13 Larger species (body length 3.2–3.5 mm); penis delicate, medially distinctly constricted (Figs 337–338) Laccophilus conjunctus (p. 201)
Small species (body length 3.1–3.2 mm); penis more robust, medially not constricted (Fig. 343) Laccophilus inconstans (Fig. 207)
14 Small species (body length 3.8–4.2 mm); penis posterior to apex on right side with curved outline (Fig. 326) Laccophilus quindecimvittatus (Fig. 182)
Large species (body length 4.5–5.1); penis posterior to apex on right side with straight outline (Fig. 328) 15
15 Penis robust; from apex posteriorly, distinctly enlarged (Fig. 328) Laccophilus empheres (p. 185)
Penis more slender; from apex posteriorly moderately enlarged (Fig. 327) Laccophilus incrassatus (p. 184)
16 Penis apical half almost straight, evenly broad (Fig. 339) Laccophilus brownei (p. 202)
Penis apical half slightly angled, width variable (Fig. 330) 17
17 Broad, robust species (length of body 3.9–4.4 mm); penis as in Fig. 326 (Madagascar) Laccophilus lateralis (p. 187)
Elongate, generally smaller species (length of body 3.5–3.9 mm) (Africa, mainland) 18
18 Small species (body length 3.5 mm); penis as in Fig. 352 Laccophilus brancuccii (p. 223)
Larger species (length of body 3.5–3.9 mm); penis as in Fig. 341–342 Laccophilus contiro (p. 204)
19 Strongly bent tip of penis short (Fig. 354) Laccophilus secundus (p. 226)
Strongly bent tip of penis prolonged (Fig. 356) Laccophilus australis (p. 230)