Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate analyses for variables associated with overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in patients with gallbladder cancer
| Variables | Category | n | 5‐year survival, % | Median survival time, months | OS | DFS | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||||||||||||||
| HR | 95%CI | P‐value | HR | 95%CI | P‐value | HR | 95%CI | P‐value | HR | 95%CI | P‐value | |||||||||
| Age ≥68 years | No/yes | 105/106 | 40.8/44.5 | 34.1/38.2 | 0.958 | 0.669 | 1.371 | 0.813 | 1.024 | 0.679 | 1.545 | 0.910 | ||||||||
| Gender | F/M | 100/111 | 47.6/38.1 | 56.1/27.8 | 1.308 | 0.911 | 1.876 | 0.145 | 1.395 | 0.915 | 2.127 | 0.122 | ||||||||
| Location | Gf,Gb/Gn,C | 104,46/40,21 | 48.4/29.6 | 54.6/27.1 | 1.422 | 0.973 | 2.078 | 0.069 | 1.667 | 1.092 | 2.543 | 0.018 | ||||||||
| T | 1,2/3,4 | 28,66/74,43 | 71.5/19.2 | 215.2/17.8 | 4.587 | 3.013 | 6.986 | <0.001 | 7.453 | 4.255 | 13.055 | <0.001 | 2.906 | 1.431 | 5.898 | 0.003 | ||||
| N | 0/1 | 107/104 | 58.3/25.8 | 215.2/19.5 | 2.713 | 1.870 | 3.937 | <0.001 | 3.868 | 2.467 | 6.064 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| M | 0/1 | 145/66 | 54.7/15.1 | 138.8/12.9 | 3.772 | 2.607 | 5.457 | <0.001 | 2.156 | 1.462 | 3.179 | <0.001 | 3.922 | 2.562 | 6.004 | <0.001 | 2.318 | 1.493 | 3.598 | <0.001 |
| Grading | 1/2,3,4 | 99/62,45,5 | 61.5/26.1 | 215.2/19.5 | 3.071 | 2.049 | 4.535 | <0.001 | 3.659 | 2.303 | 5.814 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| L | 0/1 | 68/143 | 71.7/27.9 | 215.2/22.9 | 3.500 | 2.195 | 5.581 | <0.001 | 5.737 | 3.042 | 10.818 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| V | 0/1 | 88/123 | 69.4/22.3 | 215.2/19.8 | 3.861 | 2.505 | 5.814 | <0.001 | 4.984 | 2.956 | 8.404 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Pn | 0/1 | 94/117 | 71.7/18.7 | 215.2/17.2 | 4.715 | 3.093 | 7.187 | <0.001 | 3.833 | 2.453 | 5.989 | <0.001 | 7.758 | 4.424 | 13.605 | <0.001 | 3.325 | 1.631 | 6.779 | 0.001 |
| CD3 | Low/high | 105/106 | 41.5/43.7 | 29.4/43.6 | 0.824 | 0.576 | 1.179 | 0.291 | 1.152 | 0.762 | 1.742 | 0.501 | ||||||||
| CD4 | Low/high | 105/106 | 39.3/46.0 | 29.7/46.4 | 0.721 | 0.503 | 1.033 | 0.075 | 0.853 | 0.565 | 1.287 | 0.448 | ||||||||
| CD8 | Low/high | 105/106 | 30.0/56.6 | 22.9/191.0 | 0.478 | 0.331 | 0.691 | <0.001 | 0.616 | 0.406 | 0.933 | 0.022 | ||||||||
| Foxp3/CD4 | Low/high | 105/106 | 61.1/26.8 | NR/20.8 | 2.783 | 1.894 | 4.088 | <0.001 | 1.855 | 1.217 | 2.826 | 0.004 | ||||||||
| BTLA/CD8 | Low/high | 105/106 | 65.8/20.0 | 191.0/20.8 | 3.577 | 2.387 | 5.359 | <0.001 | 2.154 | 1.400 | 3.313 | <0.001 | 2.757 | 1.766 | 4.302 | <0.001 | ||||
| BTLA/CD4 | Low/high | 105/106 | 63.0/25.2 | NR/24.6 | 2.892 | 1.957 | 4.274 | <0.001 | 2.362 | 1.530 | 3.648 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Cbl‐b/CD8 | Low/high | 105/106 | 65.6/18.8 | 191.2/21.6 | 3.282 | 2.213 | 4.868 | <0.001 | 2.374 | 1.565 | 3.602 | <0.001 | 2.759 | 1.766 | 4.309 | <0.001 | 2.445 | 1.555 | 3.847 | <0.001 |
| Cbl‐b/CD4 | Low/high | 105/106 | 65.2/22.5 | NR/21.2 | 3.080 | 2.088 | 4.544 | <0.001 | 2.675 | 1.723 | 4.153 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Number, OS, and DFS in subgroups categorized by the status of BTLA/CD8 and Cbl‐b/CD8 | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined variables | n | 5‐year survival, % | Median survival time, months | Median disease‐free survival time, months | ||||||||||||||
| BTLA/CD8high and Cbl‐b/CD8high | 80 | 17.1 | 20.8 | 15.2 | ||||||||||||||
| BTLA/CD8high and Cbl‐b/CD8low | 26 | 31.3 | 18.7 | 14.2 | ||||||||||||||
| BTLA/CD8low and Cbl‐b/CD8high | 25 | 31.2 | 27.1 | 19.9 | ||||||||||||||
| BTLA/CD8low and Cbl‐b/CD8low | 80 | 78.3 | NR | NR | ||||||||||||||
Density ratios are shown of FOXP3 to CD4 (FOXP3/CD4), B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) to CD8 (BTLA/CD8), BTLA to CD4 (BTLA/CD4), Casitas–B‐lineage lymphoma protein‐b (Cbl‐b) to CD8 (Cbl‐b/CD8), and Cbl‐b to CD4 (Cbl‐b/CD4). C, cystic duct; CI, confidence interval; F, female; Gb, gallbladder body; Gf, gallbladder fundus; Gn, gallbladder neck; HR, hazard ratio; L, lymphatic invasion; M, male; NR, not reached; Pn, perineural invasion; V, venous invasion. Bold values, P < 0.05.