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| On-scene management | HEMS | GEMS |
|---|---|---|
| Intubation | 61.5% | 31.6% |
| Chest tube insertion | 9.0% | 2.8% |
| Application of vasopressors | 11.3% | 7.3% |
| Application of sedatives | 87.2% | 71.5% |
| Volume infusion | 95.6% | 91.5% |
| Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation | 3.0% | 3.2% |
