Table 2. Multivariable risk factors for leptospiral infection during prospective four-year follow-up of the urban slum cohort.
| Characteristic | OR (95% CI)1 |
|---|---|
| Year of follow-up | |
| Year 1 | Ref |
| Year 2 | 0.64 (0.38–1.05) |
| Year 3 | 0.58 (0.35–0.95) |
| Year 4 | 2.45 (1.65–3.67) |
| Male gender | 2.09 (1.54–2.84) |
| Age2 | |
| Age (0–20 years old) | 1.11 (1.06–1.17) |
| Age (>20 years old) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) |
| Illiteracy | 1.88 (1.29–2.70) |
| Household elevation (per 10m increase) | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) |
| Peridomiciliary rat infestation | 1.46 (1.00–2.16) |
| Peridomiciliary contact with mud | 1.57 (1.13–2.17) |
1 OR, Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; Ref, reference.
2 The effect of age is modeled as a broken linear model with a transition at 20 years old, as informed by the relationship described by Generalized Additive Modeling (S1 Fig)