Table 2.
Comparison of risk factors for HIV and STIs and HIV/STI testing rates among Chinese MSM and MSMW (n = 1363).
| Measure | Overall N (%) |
MSMW N (%) |
MSM N (%) |
P | AOR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anal sex preferences | .000** | |||||
| Insertive | 509 (37.3) | 239 (61.6) | 270 (27.7) | 2.37 (1.66–3.39) | .000** | |
| Receptive | 590 (43.3) | 85 (21.9) | 505 (51.8) | .54 (.37–.80) | .002** | |
| No preference | 264 (19.4) | 64 (16.5) | 200 (20.5) | |||
| Used a condom during last anal sex act with a man |
.000** | |||||
| Yes | 707 (64.2) | 190 (49) | 517 (72.4) | 3.42 (2.40–4.37) | .000** | |
| No | 395 (35.8) | 198 (51) | 197 (27.5) | |||
| How many sex partners have you had in public venues in the past 6 months? |
.000** | |||||
| None | 1213 (89) | 317 (81.7) | 896 (91.9) | |||
| 1 | 74 (5.4) | 31 (8) | 43 (4.4) | 1.56 (.93–2.62) | .093 | |
| 2–3 | 53 (3.9) | 24 (6.2) | 29 (3) | 1.64 (.90–2.99) | .107 | |
| >4 | 23 (1.7) | 16 (4.1) | 7 (0.7) | 4.72 (1.73–12.87) | .002** | |
| During the past 6 months, how many acts of receptive anal sex have you engaged in with these partners? (n = 150) |
.415 | |||||
| 0–5 | 107 (71.3) | 48 (67.6) | 59 (74.7) | |||
| 6–10 | 19 (12.7) | 8 (11.3) | 11 (13.9) | .83 (.27–2.54) | .747 | |
| 11–20 | 12 (8) | 7 (9.9) | 5 (6.3) | 1.73 (.44–6.77) | .431 | |
| >20 | 12 (8) | 8 (11.3) | 4 (5.1) | 2.48 (.58–10.51) | .218 | |
| During the past 6 months, how many acts of insertive anal sex have you engaged in with these partners? (n = 150) |
.092 | |||||
| 0–5 | 95 (63.3) | 39 (54.9) | 56 (70.9) | |||
| 6–10 | 26 (17.3) | 14 (19.7) | 12 (15.2) | 1.44 (.53–3.90) | .471 | |
| 11–20 | 11 (7.3) | 5 (7) | 6 (7.6) | .95 (.22–4.03) | .942 | |
| >20 | 18 (12) | 13 (18.3) | 5 (6.3) | 3.36 (.91–12.40) | .068 | |
| Recreational drugs during the past 12 months | .009** | |||||
| None | 1046 (76.7) | 302 (77.8) | 744 (76.3) | |||
| Poppers | 271 (19.9) | 65 (16.8) | 206 (21.1) | .70 (.50–.98) | .039* | |
| Meth, ecstasy, other | 46 (3.4) | 21 (5.4) | 25 (2.6) | 1.32 (.69–2.52) | .401 | |
| Consumption of drugs prior to sex in the past 12 months |
.932 | |||||
| Yes | 244 (17.9) | 70 (18) | 174 (17.8) | .87 (.62–1.22) | .406 | |
| No | 1119 (82.1) | 318 (82) | 801 (82.2) | |||
| Group sex in the past 12 months | .000** | |||||
| Yes | 125 (9.2) | 68 (17.5) | 57 (5.8) | 2.47 (1.64–3.73) | .000** | |
| No | 1238 (90.8) | 320 (82.5) | 918 (94.2) | |||
| Transactional sex in the past 12 months | .005** | |||||
| Yes | 69 (5.1) | 30 (7.7) | 39 (4) | 2.65 (1.50–4.68) | .001** | |
| No | 1294 (94.9) | 358 (92.3) | 936 (96) | |||
| Main source of income through sex work (n = 69) |
.021* | |||||
| Yes | 20 (29) | 13 (43.3) | 7 (17.9) | 3.34 (.72–15.51) | .124 | |
| No | 49 (71) | 17 (56.7) | 32 (82.1) | |||
| Ever been forced to have sex | .346 | |||||
| Yes | 273 (20) | 84 (21.6) | 189 (19.4) | 1.20 (.87–1.65) | .276 | |
| No | 1090 (80) | 304 (78.4) | 786 (80.6) | |||
| First sex non-consensual (n = 273) | .004** | |||||
| Yes | 114 (41.8) | 46 (54.8) | 68 (36) | 2.32 (1.25–4.32) | .008** | |
| No | 159 (58.2) | 38 (45.2) | 121 (64) | |||
| Age of first anal sex | .000** | |||||
| Pre-puberty/early teen (1–15) | 91 (6.7) | 26 (6.7) | 65 (6.7) | .82 (.41–1.65) | .580 | |
| Late teen (16–17) | 177 (13) | 23 (5.9) | 154 (15.9) | .41 (.20–.80) | .010* | |
| College age (18–21) | 647 (47.7) | 146 (37.7) | 501 (51.6) | .55 (.33–.93) | .026* | |
| Early 20s (22–24) | 256 (18.9) | 94 (24.3) | 162 (16.7) | .60 (.35–1.03) | .062 | |
| Late 20s (25–29) | 105 (7.7) | 52 (13.4) | 53 (5.5) | .79 (.43–1.45) | .448 | |
| Over 30 | 81 (6) | 46 (11.9) | 35 (3.6) | |||
| Have you ever tested for HIV? | .044* | |||||
| Yes – HIV infected | 63 (4.6) | 25 (6.4) | 38 (3.9) | 1.19 (.66–2.15) | .559 | |
| Yes – HIV uninfected | 556 (40.8) | 162 (41.8) | 394 (40.4) | .77 (.58–1.03) | .074 | |
| Yes – never got results | 59 (4.3) | 22 (5.7) | 37 (3.8) | 1.15 (.62–2.12) | .660 | |
| No – never tested | 685 (50.3) | 179 (46.1) | 506 (51.9) | |||
| Have you ever been tested for STIs? | .000** | |||||
| Yes | 436 (32) | 152 (39.2) | 284 (29.1) | 1.22 (.93–1.60) | .149 | |
| No | 927 (68) | 236 (60.8) | 691 (70.9) |
MSM: men who have sex with men; MSMW: men who have sex with both men and women; AOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Adjusted for age, urban vs rural location, region, education, income and ethnicity; MSM are the reference group.
*
P ≤ 0.05.
**
P ≤ 0.01.