Comparison 3. Trabeculectomy (Trab) + AMT (amniotic membrane) versus Trabeculectomy (Trab).

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Postoperative IOP at one year	9	356	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.92 [‐5.41, ‐2.42]
1.1 with MMC in both groups	4	154	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.93 [‐4.91, ‐2.95]
1.2 without MMC in both groups	4	150	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐4.65 [‐7.79, ‐1.51]
1.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.30 [‐2.21, 1.61]
2 Postoperative IOP at one day	8		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
2.1 with MMC in both groups	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
2.2 without MMC in both groups	4		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
2.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	2		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3 Postoperative IOP at one week	13		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Totals not selected
3.1 with MMC in both groups	4		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.2 without MMC in both groups	6		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
3.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	3		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
4 Postoperative IOP at one month	13	646	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.05 [‐1.96, ‐0.13]
4.1 with MMC in both groups	3	131	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.06 [‐1.84, ‐0.28]
4.2 without MMC in both groups	7	370	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐1.78 [‐3.65, 0.10]
4.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	3	145	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.44 [‐1.21, 2.09]
5 Postoperative IOP at three months	11	551	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.23 [‐2.93, ‐1.53]
5.1 with MMC in both groups	3	131	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.64 [‐3.50, ‐1.77]
5.2 without MMC in both groups	6	320	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.48 [‐3.89, ‐1.07]
5.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	2	100	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.76 [‐2.65, 1.14]
6 Postoperative IOP at six months	13	613	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.50 [‐3.34, ‐1.67]
6.1 with MMC in both groups	4	155	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.91 [‐3.87, ‐1.95]
6.2 without MMC in both groups	7	358	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.00 [‐4.52, ‐1.48]
6.3 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	2	100	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.14 [‐1.27, 1.55]
7 Postoperative IOP at two years	2		Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
7.1 with MMC in the trabeculectomy group only	1	52	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐0.20 [‐2.16, 1.76]
7.2 without MMC in both groups	1	34	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐2.96 [‐5.52, ‐0.40]
8 Complications	17		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
8.1 Hypotony	5	205	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.40 [0.17, 0.94]
8.2 Shallow anterior chamber	13	632	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.47 [0.30, 0.73]
8.3 Hyphema	5	235	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.43 [0.14, 1.34]
8.4 Bleb leakage	2	98	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.28 [0.10, 0.79]
8.5 Encapsulated blebs	5	175	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.23 [0.08, 0.69]
8.6 Choroidal detachment	4	187	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.47 [0.13, 1.71]