Table 2.
Determinants of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis from the logistic regression model, Henan province, China, 2013
| Variable | Case (n = 287) | Control (n = 291) | COR (95 % CI) | AOR (95 % CI)a | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 229 (79.79) | 202 (69.42) | 0.57 (1.43–2.76) | 1.09 (0.24–1.88) | 0.006 |
| Female | 58 (20.21) | 89 (30.58) | 1 | ||
| Age (years) | |||||
| ≤29 | 39 (13.35) | 29 (10.14) | 1.43 (0.53–2.81) | 2.08 (1.11–2.94) | 0.401 |
| 30–59 | 64 (22.43) | 68 (22.85) | 0.99 (1.18–2.71) | 1.48 (0.62–2.26) | 0.642 |
| ≥60 | 184 (64.22) | 194 (67.01) | 1 | ||
| Education degree | |||||
| High school or lower | 211 (73.55) | 157 (54.16) | 2.37 (1.49–4.23) | 1.87 (1.27–2.69) | 0.000 |
| University or higher | 76 (26.45) | 134 (45.84) | 1 | ||
| Occupation | |||||
| Unemployed | 182 (63.18) | 151 (51.76) | 1.61 (0.55–4.05) | 1.30 (0.78–2.52) | 0.007 |
| Employed | 105 (36.81) | 140 (48.24) | 1 | ||
| Estimated distance of residence from the health facility | |||||
| Long | 236 (82.19) | 126 (43.52) | 6.06 (5.04–7.85) | 6.66 (5.92–7.72) | 0.000 |
| Short | 51 (17.81) | 165 (56.48) | 1 | ||
| Smoking | |||||
| Ever | 212 (73.58) | 143 (49.38) | 2.93 (1.98–4.36) | 2.07 (1.66–3.19) | 0.000 |
| Never | 75 (26.42) | 148 (50.62) | 1 | ||
| Alcoholism | |||||
| Yes | 113 (39.16) | 125 (43.25) | 0.86 (0.37–2.03) | 0.43 (0.37–1.42) | 0.429 |
| No | 174 (60.84) | 166 (56.75) | 1 | ||
| Ventilation in Room | |||||
| Yes | 139 (48.37) | 146 (50.29) | 0.93 (0.62–1.93) | 1.55 (0.65–2.52) | 0.738 |
| No | 148 (51.63) | 145 (49.71) | 1 | ||
| Knowledge on MDR-TB | |||||
| Poor | 211 (73.48) | 143 (49.42) | 2.87 (2.46–3.88) | 2.06 (1.66–2.92) | 0.000 |
| Good | 76 (26.52) | 148 (50.58) | 1 | 1 | |
| Means of transportation to reach the health facility | |||||
| On foot | 175 (61.29) | 143 (49.46) | 1.62 (1.38–3.43) | 1.85 (1.12–3.09) | 0.006 |
| By car | 112 (38.71) | 148 (50.54) | 1 | 1 | |
| Estimated time it takes to reach the health facility (hrs) | |||||
| >3 | 142 (49.67) | 152 (52.46) | 0.9 (0.44–2.54) | 1.42 (0.51–2.35) | 0.000 |
| ≤3 | 145 (50.33) | 139 (47.54) | 1 | 1 | |
| Social Stigma | |||||
| Yes | 183 (63.67) | 140 (48.27) | 1.9 (1.47–4.12) | 1.17 (0.27–2.03) | 0.000 |
| No | 104 (36.33) | 151 (51.73) | 1 | 1 | |
| Previous TB treatment | |||||
| Yes | 214 (74.36) | 127 (43.82) | 3.79 (3.36–5.35) | 4.51 (3.55–5.56) | 0.000 |
| No | 73 (25.64) | 164 (56.18) | 1 | 1 | |
| Having previous known contact with an MDR-TB patient | |||||
| Yes | 170 (59.16) | 122 (42.09) | 2.01 (1.77–3.65) | 1.37 (0.61–2.16) | 0.562 |
| No | 117 (40.84) | 169 (57.91) | 1 | 1 | |
| Having an opportunistic infection | |||||
| Yes | 185 (64.37) | 147 (50.68) | 1.78 (1.28–3.55) | 1.45 (0.58–2.4) | 0.001 |
| No | 102 (35.63) | 144 (49.32) | 1 | 1 | |
| Defaulting from treatment | |||||
| Yes | 145 (50.18) | 160 (55.28) | 0.84 (0.09–3.04) | 0.28 (0.38–1.18) | 0.322 |
| No | 142 (49.82) | 131 (44.72) | 1 | 1 | |
| Number of TB foci in the lung | |||||
| >3 | 172 (59.83) | 143 (49.27) | 1.55 (1.13–3.72) | 1.98 (1.49–3.25) | 0.012 |
| ≤3 | 115 (40.17) | 148 (50.73) | 1 | 1 | |
| Total length of first treatment | |||||
| ≥8 months | 157 (54.38) | 120 (41.28) | 1.72 (1.02–3.49) | 1.39 (0.65–2.54) | 0.001 |
| <8 months | 130 (45.62) | 171 (58.72) | 1 | 1 | |
| Adverse effects of anti-TB medication | |||||
| Yes | 177 (61.47) | 148 (50.87) | 1.55 (1.26–3.14) | 2.39 (1.40–3.26) | 0.011 |
| No | 110 (38.53) | 143 (49.13) | 1 | 1 | |
| Prior episodes of anti-TB treatment | |||||
| ≥3 times | 176 (61.26) | 152 (52.38) | 1.45 (0.7–3.16) | 1.83 (1.26–2.80) | 0.034 |
| <3 times | 111 (38.74) | 139 (47.62) | 1 | 1 |
Note. aAdjusted for age, sex