Table 1.

DPA level in and DPA release from untreated and scCO₂-PAA treated spores^*

Spores	Inactivation %	Total spore DPA % of maximum	DPA release @ 85°C %
Dry untreated	0	97	< 2
Wet untreated	0	100	< 2
Dry treated	95	92	80
Wet treated	99	94	63
Wet treated	99.99	91	nt†
Wet treated	99.999	92	47

^*Dry or wet PS533 (wild-type) spores were either untreated or treated with scCO₂-PAA, CO₂ removed, PAA neutralized, and spore inactivation was measured as described in Methods. Total DPA in spores or DPA released after incubation for 45 min at 85°C was measured as described in Methods. The total spore DPA is expressed relative to the value in the liquid untreated spores which was set at 100%.

^†nt – not tested.