Table 2.
Associations between childhood bully/victim groups and eating disorder symptoms/features adjusted for sex, age, race, prior levels of eating symptoms/features, preexisting psychiatric status and family adversities
| Victims vs. neither | Bullies vs. neither | Bully/victims vs. neither | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR/MR (95%CI) | p value | Sig. Covariates |
OR/MR (95%CI) |
p value | Sig. Covariates |
OR/MR (95%CI) | p value | Sig. Covariates |
|
| Any anorexia symptom | 1.9 (1.2–3.2) | 0.01 | 1,2,5,8,11 | 1.3 (0.4–3.2) | 0.64 | 1,2,5,8,11 | 5.7 (2.0–16.7) | 0.001 | 1,2,5,8,11 |
| Underweight for height/age | 2.1 (0.9–5.1) | 0.09 | 1,2,6 | 0.8 (0.2–2.7) | 0.73 | 1,2,6 | -- | -- | |
| Fear of gaining weight | 4.5 (2.5–8.0) | <0.001 | 1,8 | 1.2 (0.4–3.8) | 0.74 | 1,8 | 4.9 (1.2–19.3) | 0.02 | 1,8 |
| Distorted body image | 1.1 (0.5–2.3) | 0.89 | 1,2,5,8 | 2.1 (0.4–10.0) | 0.35 | 1,2,5,8 | 8.2 (2.4–28.5) | <0.001 | 1,2,5,8 |
| Any bulimia symptom | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.02 | 1,2,11 | 1.8 (1.1–3.0) | 0.03 | 1,2,11 | 1.6 (0.5–5.4) | 0.44 | 1,2,11 |
| Binge eating | 3.7 (1.1–12.0) | 0.03 | 3 | 2.1 (0.5–8.2) | 0.31 | 3 | 11.1 (3.1–40.3) | <0.001 | 3 |
| Attempts to cut weight | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) | 0.04 | 1,2,11 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 0.05 | 1,2,11 | 1.4 (0.4–5.0) | 0.64 | 1,2,11 |
| Diet | 1.5 (1.0–2.4) | 0.07 | 1 | 2.5 (1.1–5.6) | 0.02 | 1 | 2.9 (0.9–9.9) | 0.08 | 1 |
| Exercise | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | 0.03 | 1,2,11 | 1.7 (0.9–3.1) | 0.10 | 1,2,11 | 0.5 (0.1–1.9) | 0.28 | 1,2,11 |
| Vomiting | 0.7 (0.1–4.4) | 0.72 | 1,3,8,9 | 1.2 (0.2–8.6) | 0.84 | 1,3,8,9 | 42.5 (6.6–271.5) | <0.001 | 1,3,8,9 |
| Overconcern with body | 3.8 (2.3–6.3) | <0.001 | 1,8 | 2.5 (0.6–10.6) | 0.22 | 1,8 | 5.6 (2.1–15.1) | <0.001 | 1,8 |
| Any associated features | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) | <0.001 | 1,2,6 | 1.7 (1.1–2.8) | 0.03 | 1,2,6 | 1.2 (0.6–2.8) | 0.60 | 1,2,6 |
| Preoccupied with eating | 4.4 (2.3–8.4) | <0.001 | 1,3,6,9 | 6.0 (1.4–26.0) | 0.02 | 1,3,6,9 | 4.4 (1.2–15.3) | 0.02 | 1,3,6,9 |
| Decreased appetite | 2.2 (1.4–3.5) | <0.001 | 1,3 | 2.1 (0.8–5.2) | 0.12 | 1,3 | 3.5 (0.8–14.5) | 0.09 | 1,3 |
| Increased appetite | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) | 0.05 | 1,2,3 | 1.2 (0.8–2.0) | 0.39 | 1,2,3 | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) | 0.16 | 1,2,3 |
Bolded ORs significant at p<0.05. OR = odds ratio; 95%CI=95 percent confidence interval. Too few participants used medications to control weight or reported amenorrhea for these analyses. Childhood psychiatric and family hardships and other covariates: 1=Sex; 2=Race; 3=Age; 4 = Low SES; 5 = Family instability; 6 = Family dysfunction; 7 = Maltreatment; 8 = Depressive disorders; 9 = Anxiety disorders; 10 = Disruptive disorders; 11 = Substance disorder.