Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of TRIUMPH Participants by RLP‐C Tertiles
| RLP‐C | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 1 (0– < 16 mg/dL), n = 772 | Tertile 2 (16– < 24 mg/dL), n = 846 | Tertile 3 (24–120 mg/dL), n = 847 | Total, N = 2465 | P Value | |
| Age, y | 60.4 ± 12.6 | 58.0 ± 12.2 | 56.5 ± 11.5 | 58.2 ± 12.2 | <0.001 |
| Sex | 0.011 | ||||
| M | 550 (71.2) | 581 (68.7) | 545 (64.3) | 1676 (68.0) | |
| F | 222 (28.8) | 265 (31.3) | 302 (35.7) | 789 (32.0) | |
| Race | 0.024 | ||||
| White/Caucasian | 498 (64.7) | 601 (71.0) | 567 (67.1) | 1666 (67.7) | |
| Black/African American | 222 (28.8) | 197 (23.3) | 210 (24.9) | 629 (25.6) | |
| Other/unknown | 52 (6.5) | 48 (5.7) | 70 (8.0) | 170 (6.7) | |
| High school education | 607/769 (78.9) | 677/840 (80.6) | 667/845 (78.9) | 1951/2454 (79.5) | 0.626 |
| Insured | 597/754 (79.2) | 643/828 (77.7) | 625/830 (75.3) | 1865/2412 (77.3) | 0.177 |
| Family history of coronary disease | 568/763 (74.4) | 621/835 (74.4) | 629/837 (75.1) | 1818/2435 (74.7) | 0.922 |
| History of dyslipidemia | 369 (47.8) | 384 (45.4) | 417 (49.2) | 1170 (47.5) | 0.279 |
| History of DM | 247 (32.0) | 251 (29.7) | 284 (33.5) | 782 (31.7) | 0.229 |
| History of HTN | 510 (66.1) | 540 (63.8) | 580 (68.5) | 1630 (66.1) | 0.130 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 139 ± 29 | 143 ± 30 | 146 ± 30 | 143 ± 30 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 80 ± 18 | 83 ± 20 | 86 ± 18 | 83 ± 19 | <0.001 |
| CKD | 50 (6.5) | 62 (7.3) | 64 (7.6) | 176 (7.1) | 0.677 |
| Chronic HF | 78 (10.1) | 82 (9.7) | 54 (6.4) | 214 (8.7) | 0.013 |
| Prior MI | 168 (21.8) | 172 (20.3) | 159 (18.8) | 499 (20.2) | 0.326 |
| Prior PCI | 185 (24.0) | 140 (16.5) | 148 (17.5) | 473 (19.2) | <0.001 |
| Prior CABG | 109 (14.1) | 87 (10.3) | 80 (9.4) | 276 (11.2) | 0.007 |
| Prior stroke | 44 (5.7) | 37 (4.4) | 37 (4.4) | 118 (4.8) | 0.358 |
| Smoking status | 0.008 | ||||
| Current | 297/767 (38.7) | 367/840 (43.7) | 358/842 (42.5) | 1022/2449 (41.7) | |
| Former | 268/767 (34.9) | 259/840 (30.8) | 230/842 (27.3) | 757/2449 (30.9) | |
| Never | 202/767 (26.3) | 214/840 (25.5) | 254/842 (30.2) | 670/2449 (27.4) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.6 ± 6.4 | 30.0 ± 6.3 | 30.7 ± 6.5 | 29.8 ± 6.4 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, in. | 38.0 ± 5.8 | 39.0 ± 5.7 | 39.2 ± 5.5 | 38.8 ± 5.7 | 0.003 |
| Activity during leisure time | 0.023 | ||||
| Mainly sedentary | 329/766 (43.0) | 350/841 (41.6) | 412/844 (48.8) | 1091/2451 (44.5) | |
| Mild exercise | 242/766 (31.6) | 263/841 (31.3) | 241/844 (28.6) | 746/2451 (30.4) | |
| Moderate exercise | 163/766 (21.3) | 185/841 (22.0) | 169/844 (20.0) | 517/2451 (21.1) | |
| Strenuous exercise | 32/766 (4.2) | 43/841 (5.1) | 22/844 (2.6) | 97/2451 (4.0) | |
| Alcohol use in past year | 0.005 | ||||
| Never | 321/770 (41.7) | 347/842 (41.2) | 372/843 (44.1) | 1040/2455 (42.4) | |
| ≤1×/mo | 186/770 (24.2) | 250/842 (29.7) | 233/843 (27.6) | 669/2455 (27.3) | |
| 2–4×/mo | 129/770 (16.8) | 125/842 (14.8) | 141/843 (16.7) | 395/2455 (16.1) | |
| 4–5×/wk | 66/770 (8.6) | 75/842 (8.9) | 57/843 (6.8) | 198/2455 (8.1) | |
| ≥6×/wk | 68/770 (8.8) | 45/842 (5.3) | 40/843 (4.7) | 153/2455 (6.2) | |
| Type of MI | 0.195 | ||||
| STEMI | 310 (40.2) | 377 (44.6) | 364 (43.0) | 1051 (42.6) | |
| NSTEMI | 462 (59.8) | 469 (55.4) | 483 (57.0) | 1414 (57.4) | |
| Multivessel diseasea | 0.635 | ||||
| N | 366 (47.4) | 391 (46.4) | 393 (46.5) | 1150 (46.7) | |
| Y | 343 (44.4) | 398 (47.2) | 388 (45.9) | 1129 (45.9) | |
| No/missing catheterization | 63 (8.2) | 57 (6.4) | 66 (7.6) | 186 (7.4) | |
| GRACE score (6‐mo mortality) | 104.1 ± 29.6 | 98.4 ± 30.1 | 94.8 ± 28.3 | 98.9 ± 29.6 | <0.001 |
| Lipid‐lowering medications at discharge | |||||
| Statin | 685 (88.7) | 743 (87.8) | 728 (86.0) | 2156 (87.5) | 0.223 |
| Ezetimibe | 73 (9.5) | 73 (8.6) | 81 (9.6) | 227 (9.2) | 0.770 |
| Niacin | 23 (3.0) | 11 (1.3) | 18 (2.1) | 52 (2.1) | 0.064 |
| Fibrate | 13 (1.7) | 32 (3.8) | 37 (4.4) | 82 (3.3) | 0.007 |
| Fish oil | 25 (3.2) | 19 (2.2) | 27 (3.2) | 71 (2.9) | 0.395 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; F, female; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; M, male; MI, myocardial infarction; N, no; NSTEMI, non–ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RLP‐C, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction; TRIUMPH, Translational Research Investigating Underlying Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients' Health Status; Y, yes.
Values are presented as mean (SD) or n (%) with the denominators at the top of the table, unless otherwise specified.
Single‐, double‐, or triple‐vessel disease defined by ≥70% stenosis in each major epicardial vessel, with left‐main stenosis ≥50% counting as 2 vessels.