Table A2.
Mean unadjusted healthcare expenditures (with standard deviations) non-intervention adolescents (n = 3960), 12 months post-screening by severity of depressive symptoms
| Type of expendituresa | Screen Negativeb ($) n =3,707 | Screen Positiveb ($) | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild Depression n= 162 | Moderate-to-Severe Depression n= 69 | All n= 231 | |||
| Outpatient | 2,203 (4,531) | 2778 (3703) | 6760 (8714) | 3968 (5949) | < 0.01c |
| Inpatient | 334 (4,500) | 545 (3679) | 2772 (11285) | 1210 (6940) | < 0.01c |
| Inpatient Mental Health Care | 24 (730) | 438 (3409) | 536 (2781) | 468 (3228) | < 0.01c |
| Inpatient Medical Care | 310 (4427) | 107 (1317) | 2235 (9433) | 743 (5336) | < 0.01c |
| Emergency Department | 145 (801) | 273 (888) | 1483 (4390) | 634 (2561) | < 0.01c |
| Pharmacy | 280 (1,236) | 430 (870) | 765 (1405) | 530 (1067) | < 0.01c |
| Diagnostic tests (laboratory and radiology) | 108 (476) | 169 (238) | 287 (496) | 204 (449) | < 0.01c |
| Total costs | 2,357 (7,621) | 3323 (6786) | 9532 (17076) | 5178 (11250) | < 0.01c |
All results are expressed as mean (SD) in 2013 US dollars
Probable depression severity was categorized by PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 screening results. A PHQ-2 score < 2 OR a PHQ-2 score ≥ 3 and a PHQ-9 score < 10 represented a probably non-depressed patient, a PHQ-9 score of 10-14 represented a probably mildly depressed patient, and a PHQ-9 score ≥ 15 represented a probable moderately-to-severely depressed patient
Statistically significant difference between depression screen-negative, screen positive for mild MDD, and screen positive for moderate-to severe MDD groups at p = 0.05 level or below