Table 1.
Summary of meta-analysis results for calcium plus vitamin D supplementation versus placebo and fracture risk
| Reference | Status | Vitamin D (IU/day) | Calcium (mg/day) | No. of total fracture events/total | No. of hip fracture events/total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95 % CI) | Treatment | Control | RR (95 % CI) | Treatment | Control | ||||
| Chapuy et al. [20] | Institutionalized | 800 | 1200 | 0.74 (0.56–0.97) | 80/1387 | 110/1403 | 0.74 (0.56–0.97) | 21/1387 | 37/1403 |
| Chapuy et al. [21] | Institutionalized | 800 | 1200 | 0.62 (0.36–1.07) | 27/393 | 21/190 | 0.62 (0.36–1.07) | 27/393 | 21/190 |
| Dawson-Hughes et al. [22] | Community-dwelling | 700 | 500 | 0.46 (0.23–0.90) | 11/187 | 26/202 | 0.36 (0.01–8.77) | 0/187 | 1/202 |
| Porthouse et al. [23] | Community-dwelling | 800 | 1000 | 1.01 (0.71–1.43) | 58/1321 | 91/1993 | 0.75 (0.31–1.80) | 8/1321 | 17/1993 |
| Prentice et al. [10]a | Community-dwelling | 400 | 1000 | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | 405/7530b | 458/7801b | 0.55 (0.32–0.97) | 19/7530b | 35/7406b |
| Salovaara et al. [24] | Community-dwelling | 800 | 1000 | 0.83 (0.61–1.12) | 78/1586 | 94/1609 | 2.02 (0.37–11.02) | 4/1586 | 2/1609 |
| Grant et al. [25] | Community-dwelling with history of fracture | 800 | 1000 | 1.02 (0.89–1.16) | 387/2649 | 377/2643 | ND | ND | ND |
| Harwood et al. [26] | Community-dwelling with history of fracture | 800 | 1000 | 0.57 (0.15–2.19) | 3/39 | 5/37 | ND | ND | ND |
CI confidence interval, ND no data, RR relative risk, WHI Women’s Health Initiative
aData analyzing the WHI for adherence to assigned pills and no personal use of supplements from Table 6 in Prentice et al. [10]
bData provided from WHI investigators