Table 12.

Drug transport/metabolism/elimination characteristics of the direct oral anticoagulants [11, 12, 15, 16, 48, 49, 128, 129]

	P-gp substrate	CYP3A4 substrate (% of drug metabolized via CYP3A4)	% renal elimination
Dabigatran	Yes	No	≈80
Rivaroxaban	Yes	Yes (≈33)a	≈33
Apixaban	Yes	Yes (≈25)b	≈25
Edoxaban	Yes	No	≈50

CYP3A4 Cytochrome 3A4, p-gp permeability-glycoprotein

^aTotal of ≈66 % hepatic metabolism equally distributed between CYP3A4 and CYP2J2

^bTotal of ≈25 % hepatic metabolism, mostly by CYP3A4, with minor contributions by CYP1A2, 2J2, 2C8, 2C9, and 2C19