Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable-adjusted analysis of factors associated with current pregnancy reported being unintended among pregnant and postpartum adult women enrolled in a prospective observational cohort study in Botswana, 2010-2012
| Current pregnancy unintended | Univariable Models | Full Multivariable Model | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | (%)a | OR | (95 % CI) | P* | OR | (95 % CI) | P* | |
| Exposure of interest | ||||||||
| Maternal knowledge of HIV status prior to becoming pregnant | 0.01 | 0.02 | ||||||
| Known to be HIV-uninfected | 168 | (40 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| HIV status unknown | 107 | (26 %) | 1.77 | (1.27, 2.47) | 1.71 | (1.18, 2.47) | ||
| Known to be HIV-infected | 141 | (34 %) | 1.60 | (1.18, 2.16) | 1.30 | (0.91, 1.86) | ||
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Location | 0.80 | 0.89 | ||||||
| Mochudi | 172 | (41 %) | 0.97 | (0.74, 1.26) | 0.98 | (0.71, 1.35) | ||
| Gaborone | 244 | (59 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| Age, in years | 0.07 | 0.02 | ||||||
| 18 to 24 years | 146 | (35 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| 25 to 29 years | 104 | (25 %) | 0.79 | (0.65, 1.09) | 0.62 | (0.41, 0.94) | ||
| 30 to 34 years | 88 | (21 %) | 0.82 | (0.58, 1.17) | 0.43 | (0.26, 0.70) | ||
| 25 to 39 years | 56 | (13 %) | 1.35 | (0.87, 2.11) | 0.57 | (0.31, 1.06) | ||
| 40 years and older | 22 | (5 %) | 1.45 | (0.75, 2.80) | 0.42 | (0.18, 1.00) | ||
| Relationship status | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Married | 25 | (6 %) | 0.76 | (0.45, 1.27) | 0.71 | (0.39, 1.28) | ||
| Not in a serious relationship | 48 | (12 %) | 6.57 | (3.26, 13.24) | 7.18 | (3.31, 15.59) | ||
| Not married, but living together | 101 | (24 %) | 1.00 | (0.74, 1.36) | 0.90 | (0.63, 1.28) | ||
| Not married and not living together | 242 | (58 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| Socioeconomic factors | ||||||||
| Education | 0.0002 | 0.22 | ||||||
| None or primary | 60 | (14 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| Junior secondary | 196 | (47 %) | 0.44 | (0.28, 0.70) | 0.60 | (0.35, 1.01) | ||
| Senior secondary | 116 | (28 %) | 0.42 | (0.26, 0.68) | 0.72 | (0.40, 1.31) | ||
| Tertiary | 43 | (10 %) | 0.30 | (0.17, 0.53) | 0.61 | (0.31, 1.21) | ||
| Employment | 0.004 | 0.003 | ||||||
| Employed | 168 | (40 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| Unemployed and looking for work | 132 | (32 %) | 1.58 | (1.15, 2.17) | 1.02 | (0.58, 1.79) | ||
| Unemployed but not looking for work | 116 | (28 %) | 0.93 | (0.68, 1.27) | 0.54 | (0.31, 0.95) | ||
| Incomeb | 0.15 | 0.24 | ||||||
| None | 264 | (63 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| <$57 per month | 27 | (6 %) | 1.37 | (0.77, 2.45) | 0.81 | (0.39, 1.67) | ||
| >$113 per month | 58 | (14 %) | 0.75 | (0.53, 1.07) | 0.72 | (0.39, 1.32) | ||
| $57 to $113 per month | 67 | (16 %) | 0.79 | (0.55, 1.14) | 0.52 | (0.27, 0.99) | ||
| Household size | 0.02 | 0.05 | ||||||
| 0 to 4 people | 101 | (24 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| 5 to 6 people | 92 | (22 %) | 1.47 | (1.02, 2.13) | 1.59 | (1.07, 2.36) | ||
| 7 to 9 people | 102 | (25 %) | 1.55 | (1.08, 2.22) | 1.62 | (1.07, 2.45) | ||
| 10 or more people | 119 | (29 %) | 1.69 | (1.19, 2.40) | 1.52 | (1.02, 2.29) | ||
| Television or car in the household | ||||||||
| No | 159 | (39 %) | 0.68 | (0.52, 0.90) | 0.01 | 0.85 | (0.63, 1.16) | 0.31 |
| Yes | 253 | (61 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| Reproductive history | ||||||||
| Total number of prior pregnancies including current pregnancy | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| 1 | 110 | (26 %) | 1 | (ref) | 1 | (ref) | ||
| 2 | 103 | (25 %) | 1.00 | (0.71, 1.40) | 1.56 | (1.04, 2.34) | ||
| 3 | 91 | (22 %) | 1.83 | (1.25, 2.68) | 3.45 | (2.07, 5.75) | ||
| 4 or more | 112 | (27 %) | 2.40 | (1.65, 3.48) | 4.76 | (2.62, 8.65) | ||
| Any child died before age 5 years | 41 | (10 %) | 0.99 | (0.65, 1.53) | 0.97 | 0.57 | (0.34, 0.94) | 0.03 |
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
*Global Wald χ2 P-values
aColumn percentage (values may not sum to 100 % due to rounding)
bBotswana pula were converted to US dollars based on a rate of 8.87 pula per US$1