Fig. 3.

Species differences on behaviors in the social recognition test. Across trials, female prairie voles showed a characteristic decline in the frequency and duration spent investigating the familiar stimulus conspecific (T2 compared to T1, T3 compared to T1 and T2) and a significant recovery following the introduction of a novel, stimulus conspecific (A and B). Conversely, female meadow voles did not show different frequency and duration over trials. Overall, the levels of frequency and duration of female meadow voles investigating the stimulus conspecific were significantly lower than that of prairie voles (A and B). Alphabetic letters indicate the results of the post hoc test. Error bars represent standard errors of the mean (SEM).