Table 4.

Effect of VAS on postoperation well-being

	No controls (N=173)	Controls for illness composition (N=173)	Controls for illness composition demographic characteristics† (N=173)
Self-care	0.208 (0.251)	0.108 (0.268)	−0.0442 (0.267)
Usual activities	0.324 (0.244)	0.212 (0.263)	0.0458 (0.276)
Walking ability	0.765*** (0.248)	0.700*** (0.261)	0.605** (0.273)
Pain	0.778*** (0.228)	0.660*** (0.244)	0.559** (0.246)
Anxiety	0.464* (0.242)	0.451* (0.261)	0.387 (0.272)
Overall health	0.471** (0.223)	0.337 (0.224)	0.185 (0.220)

SEs clustered at the village level in parentheses.

***p<0.01, **p<0.05, *p<0.1.

†Demographic controls include age, gender, income, literacy.