Figure 4.

(A) Ordination of tundra plant communities from European middle‐latitude mountains to western Siberia. The numbers show the centroids of the 19 tundra sites (see Fig. 2). (B) The ordination scores of the most abundant and/or characteristic vascular plant species in the plant community data. Anthalp = Anthoxanthum alpinum, Arcalp = Arctostaphylos alpina, Betnan = Betula nana, Carbig = Carex bigelowii, Carcur = Carex curvula, Corsue = Cornus suecica, Desfle = Deschampsia flexuosa, Dryassp = Dryas octopetala, Empher = Empetrum nigrum (ssp. hermaphroditum), Fesovi = Festuca ovina, Gnasup = Gnaphalium supinum, Juntri = Juncus trifidus, Leddec = Ledum decumbens, Loipro = Loiseleuria procumbens, Narstr = Nardus stricta, Phycae = Phyllodoce caerulea, Vacmyr = Vaccinium myrtillus, Salher = Salix herbacea, Salgla = Salix glauca, Sallan = Salix lanata, Salnum = Salix nummularia, Salpol = Salix polaris, Vaculi = Vaccinium uliginosum, and Vacvit = Vaccinium vitis‐idaea.