Table 3. Multivariate HRs and 95% CIs for risk of BC death following local recurrence by surgery type.
|
Mastectomy |
Breast conservation |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BC death (N=198) | No BC death (N=55) | HR | 95% CI | BC death (N=167) | No BC death (N=146) | HR | 95% CI | |
|
Mean age at diagnosis (years) | ||||||||
| ⩽49 | 49 (27.22) | 12 (23.53) | 1.00 | Ref. | 63 (39.38) | 48 (34.78) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| 50–59 | 67 (37.22) | 18 (35.29) | 0.95 | 0.66–1.38 | 39 (24.38) | 33 (23.91) | 1.18 | 0.76–1.81 |
| 60–69 | 46 (25.56) | 14 (27.45) | 0.65 | 0.43–0.98 | 19 (11.88) | 18 (13.04) | 1.52 | 0.84–2.74 |
| ⩾70 | 18 (10.00) | 7 (13.73) | 1.34 | 0.74–2.41 | 39 (24.38) | 39 (28.26) | 2.89 | 0.93–8.93 |
|
Invasive grade | ||||||||
| Grade 1 | 9 (5.56) | 7 (18.42) | 1.00 | Ref. | 4 (2.86) | 18 (15.13) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Grade 2 | 71 (43.83) | 15 (39.47) | 2.76 | 1.36–5.59 | 68 (48.57) | 64 (53.78) | 4.49 | 1.40–14.42 |
| Grade 3 | 82 (50.62) | 16 (42.11) | 3.90 | 1.89–8.02 | 67 (47.86) | 36 (30.25) | 7.21 | 2.23–23.36 |
| Missing | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | — | — | 1 (0.71) | 1 (0.84) | — | — |
|
No. of positive lymph nodes | ||||||||
| 0 | 37 (18.69) | 22 (40.00) | 1.00 | Ref. | 44 (26.35) | 67 (45.89) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| 1–3 | 54 (27.27) | 16 (29.09) | 1.21 | 0.76–1.92 | 52 (31.14) | 36 (24.66) | 2.01 | 1.29–3.13 |
| 4–10 | 45 (22.73) | 6 (10.91) | 1.96 | 1.19–3.23 | 15 (8.98) | 3 (2.05) | 3.23 | 1.72–6.08 |
| >10 | 47 (23.74) | 4 (7.27) | 2.41 | 1.44–4.05 | 26 (15.57) | 3 (2.05) | 3.69 | 2.16–6.29 |
| Missing | 15 (7.58) | 7 (12.73) | 1.24 | 0.60–2.55 | 30 (17.96) | 37 (25.34) | 1.68 | 0.98–2.90 |
|
Chemotherapy | ||||||||
| No | 148 (74.75) | 45 (81.82) | 1.00 | Ref. | 132 (79.04) | 124 (84.93) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 50 (25.25) | 10 (18.18) | 1.40 | 0.98–1.99 | 35 (20.96) | 22 (15.07) | 1.51 | 0.91–2.50 |
|
Radiotherapy | ||||||||
| No | 177 (89.39) | 48 (87.27) | 1.00 | Ref. | 37 (22.16) | 41 (28.08) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 21 (10.61) | 7 (12.73) | 1.39 | 0.77–2.50 | 130 (77.84) | 105 (71.92) | 1.30 | 0.69–2.46 |
|
Endocrine therapy | ||||||||
| No | 162 (81.82) | 43 (78.18) | 1.00 | Ref. | 102 (61.08) | 72 (49.32) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 36 (18.18) | 12 (21.82) | 0.70 | 0.43–1.15 | 65 (38.92) | 74 (50.68) | 0.65 | 0.38–1.12 |
|
Time to LR (years) | ||||||||
| Mean (s.d.) | 2.75 (3.08) | 5.64 (4.76) | 0.81 | 0.76–0.86 | 3.74 (3.09) | 6.47 (5.69) | 0.80 | 0.75–0.86 |
| <0.5 | 22 (11.11) | 2 (3.64) | 24.92 | 10.29–60.38 | 7 (4.19) | 3 (2.05) | 8.78 | 2.59–29.73 |
| 0.5–1 | 41 (20.71) | 6 (10.91) | 11.96 | 5.28–27.13 | 26 (15.57) | 12 (8.22) | 29.21 | 12.34–69.11 |
| 1–2 | 51 (25.76) | 10 (18.18) | 8.03 | 3.67–17.57 | 29 (17.37) | 18 (12.33) | 7.21 | 3.33–15.61 |
| 2–5 | 56 (28.28) | 13 (23.64) | 5.42 | 2.51–11.69 | 57 (34.13) | 48 (32.88) | 3.93 | 1.94–7.98 |
| 5–10 | 19 (9.60) | 12 (21.82) | 2.71 | 1.16–6.37 | 38 (22.75) | 34 (23.39) | 2.80 | 1.33–5.86 |
| >10 | 9 (4.55) | 12 (21.82) | 1.00 | (ref) | 10 (5.99) | 31 (21.23) | 1.00 | (ref) |
|
Tumour side | ||||||||
| Left | 97 (48.99) | 27 (49.09) | 1.00 | Ref. | 72 (43.11) | 69 (47.26) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Right | 86 (43.43) | 21 (38.18) | 1.26 | 0.92–1.74 | 89 (53.29) | 64 (43.84) | 1.19 | 0.83–1.68 |
| Unknown | 15 (7.58) | 7 (12.73) | 3.24 | 0.43–24.51 | 6 (3.59) | 13 (8.90) | 20.40 | 2.52–164.98 |
|
Menopausal status | ||||||||
| Pre | 65 (32.83) | 15 (27.27) | 1.00 | Ref. | 70 (41.92) | 59 (40.69) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Peri | 28 (14.14) | 8 (14.55) | 1.34 | 0.80–2.24 | 11 (6.59) | 9 (6.21) | 1.50 | 0.74–3.03 |
| Post | 105 (53.03) | 32 (58.18) | 1.26 | 0.69–2.32 | 86 (51.50) | 77 (53.10) | 1.57 | 0.83–2.97 |
|
Family history | ||||||||
| First degree | 23 (11.62) | 11 (20.00) | 1.00 | Ref. | 12 (7.19) | 12 (8.22) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Second degree | 19 (9.60) | 5 (9.09) | 2.59 | 1.27–5.27 | 5 (2.99) | 11 (7.53) | 0.71 | 0.24–2.09 |
| None | 149 (75.25) | 34 (61.82) | 1.77 | 1.11–2.82 | 137 (82.04) | 105 (71.92) | 1.00 | 0.53–1.90 |
| First and second degree | 3 (1.52) | 3 (5.45) | 1.23 | 0.35–4.26 | 6 (3.59) | 3 (2.05) | 0.56 | 0.16–1.95 |
| Missing | 4 (2.02) | 2 (3.64) | 9.58 | 2.91–31.48 | 7 (4.19) | 15 (10.27) | 1.06 | 0.30–3.73 |
|
No.of pregnancies | ||||||||
| 0 | 46 (25.00) | 11 (21.57) | 1.00 | Ref. | 28 (19.86) | 25 (22.73) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| 1–2 | 84 (45.65) | 24 (47.06) | 0.67 | 0.46–0.98 | 68 (48.23) | 40 (36.36) | 0.95 | 0.62–1.46 |
| 3–4 | 44 (23.91) | 11 (21.57) | 0.75 | 0.48–1.17 | 35 (24.82) | 28 (25.45) | 0.69 | 0.40–1.20 |
| >4 | 10 (5.43) | 4 (7.84) | 0.71 | 0.34–1.48 | 10 (7.09) | 16 (14.55) | 0.55 | 0.27–1.12 |
| Missing | 0 (0.00) | 1 (1.96) | — | — | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.91) | — | — |
|
Tumour size (cm) | ||||||||
| <2 | 20 (10.10) | 5 (9.09) | 1.00 | Ref. | 27 (16.17) | 28 (19.18) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| 2–3 | 46 (23.23) | 15 (27.27) | 1.11 | 0.58–2.11 | 56 (33.53) | 55 (37.67) | 0.90 | 0.53–1.55 |
| >3 | 132 (66.67) | 35 (63.64) | 1.34 | 0.74–2.42 | 84 (50.30) | 63 (43.15) | 1.15 | 0.69–1.90 |
|
Invasive type | ||||||||
| Ductal Not otherwise Specified | 154 (77.78) | 34 (61.82) | 1.00 | Ref. | 141 (84.43) | 116 (79.45) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| lobular | 26 (13.13) | 14 (25.45) | 0.62 | 0.30–1.27 | 15 (8.98) | 12 (8.22) | 0.50 | 0.20–1.25 |
| Other | 1 (0.51) | 0 (0.00) | 8.87 | 1.09–72.42 | 3 (1.80) | 2 (1.37) | 3.35 | 0.35–32.17 |
| Missing | 17 (8.59) | 7 (12.73) | 2.19 | 0.43–11.18 | 8 (4.79) | 16 (10.96) | 0.69 | 0.17–2.79 |
|
Oestrogen receptor status | ||||||||
| Negative | 71 (35.86) | 14 (25.45) | 1.00 | Ref. | 62 (37.13) | 27 (18.49) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Positive | 110 (55.56) | 31 (56.36) | 0.79 | 0.57–1.09 | 97 (58.08) | 101 (69.18) | 0.54 | 0.38–0.78 |
| Missing | 17 (8.59) | 10 (18.18) | 0.31 | 0.08–1.29 | 8 (4.79) | 18 (12.33) | 0.63 | 0.19–2.08 |
|
Progesterone receptor status | ||||||||
| Negative | 108 (54.55) | 21 (38.13) | 1.00 | Ref. | 86 (51.50) | 49 (33.56) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Positive | 67 (33.84) | 21 (38.13) | 0.78 | 0.56–1.09 | 71 (42.51) | 79 (54.11) | 0.63 | 0.44–0.91 |
| Missing | 23 (11.62) | 13 (23.64) | 0.45 | 0.21–0.99 | 10 (5.99) | 18 (12.33) | 1.01 | 0.36–2.87 |
|
HER2-status | ||||||||
| Negative | 75 (37.88) | 16 (29.09) | 1.00 | Ref. | 79 (47.31) | 57 (39.04) | 1.00 | Ref. |
| Positive | 30 (15.15) | 4 (7.27) | 1.31 | 0.83–2.07 | 26 (15.57) | 12 (8.22) | 1.37 | 0.83–2.27 |
| Missing | 93 (46.97) | 35 (63.64) | 0.59 | 0.41–0.84 | 62 (37.13) | 77 (52.74) | 0.69 | 0.47–1.03 |
Abbreviations: BC=breast cancer; CI, confidence interval; HR=hazard ratios; LR=locoregional recurrence; Ref.=reference.
—, No estimate because of small numbers.
Models were adjusted for age, tumour grade, pathological nodal stage, treatment methods of the initial cancer (except where stated), and locoregional recurrence as a time-dependent variable. The upper (above part heading ‘Tumour side') section of the table represents a multivariable model including only covariates listed within this section. The following (from part heading ‘Tumour side') section represents models adjusted for all aforementioned variables.