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. 2016 Jan 12;11:223–234. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S95249

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© 2016 Saita et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed

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Surface morphological analysis of titanium disks after 1-day or 5-day immersion in SBF with or without pre-photofunctionalization.

Notes: The titanium surface without SBF immersion is also presented for comparison. (A) three-dimensional images obtained by laser profiling microscopy. (B) Calculated roughness parameters based on the images.

Abbreviations: SBF, simulated body fluid; Sa, average roughness; Sq, root-mean-square roughness; Sz, peak-to-valley roughness; Ssk, skewness roughness; Sku, kurtosis roughness.