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Osteoblast spreading and adhesion behavior on biomimetic apatite-deposited titanium disks.
Notes: (A) Confocal microscopic images of osteoblasts 24 hours after seeding, with immunochemical stain for cytoskeletal actin and adhesion protein, vinculin. (B) Quantified cytomorphometric parameters and expression levels of actin and vinculin. *P<0.05, **P<0.001, significant difference between as-made and photofunctionalized titanium.
