Table 1.
Baseline demographic and cognitive characteristics by treatment group (n = 46)
| Dose of testosterone enanthate (mg/week) | Placebo (n = 8) | 3 (n = 9) | 6.25 (n = 10) | 12.5 (n = 10) | 25 (n = 9) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (year) | 54 ± 5 | 55 ± 4 | 52 ± 5 | 52 ± 6 | 54 ± 3 |
| Race n (%) | |||||
| Black | 5 (63) | 6 (67) | 5 (50) | 3 (30) | 3 (33) |
| White | 3 (38) | 3 (33) | 3 (30) | 4 (40) | 5 (56) |
| Other | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (20) | 3 (30) | 1 (11) |
| Higher education (proportion having at least college level) | 0.75 | 0.43 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 0.86 |
| Mini-mental examination (score out of 30) | 27 | 29 | 29.2 | 28.3 | 29.6 |
| History of depression (self-report) n | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33 ± 4 | 31 ± 6 | 28 ± 6 | 30 ± 5 | 33 ± 4 |
| Hysterectomy alone n (%) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| Partial oophorectomy n (%) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Bilateral oophorectomy n (%) | 4 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 9 |
| Baseline blood levels | |||||
| Total testosterone (ng/dl) | |||||
| Screening | 9.3 ± 4 | 13 ± 9 | 20 ± 17 | 11 ± 7 | 15 ± 8 |
| Post-estrogen run-in | 16 ± 10 | 13 ± 5 | 14 ± 14 | 10 ± 6 | 17 ± 9 |
| Free testosterone (pg/ml) | |||||
| Screening | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.7 |
| Post-estrogen run-in | 2.8 ± 2.0 | 2.1 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 2.8 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 1.1 |
| SHBG (nmol/l) | 68 ± 27 | 71 ± 33 | 58 ± 23 | 56 ± 26 | 93 ± 41 |
| Baseline cognitive function scores | |||||
| Spatial ability tests | |||||
| Route learning test (immediate) | 0.38 ± 0.17 (7) | 0.42 ± 0.07 (7) | 0.56 ± 0.08 (8) | 0.40 ± 0.13 (7) | 0.33 ± 0.16 (9) |
| Route learning test (delayed) | 0.39 ± 0.15 (7) | 0.50 ± 0.10 (7) | 0.53 ± 0.18 (8) | 0.52 ± 0.18 (7) | 0.39 ± 0.21 (9) |
| Complex figure (immediate) | 0.73 ± 0.11 (8) | 0.62 ± 0.12 (8) | 0.61 ± 0.16 (9) | 0.60 ± 0.10 (10) | 0.58 ± 0.23 (8) |
| Complex figure (delayed) | 0.63 ± 0.10 (8) | 0.58 ± 0.16 (8) | 0.56 ± 0.13 (9) | 0.56 ± 0.12 (10) | 0.45 ± 0.30 (8) |
| Verbal memory tests | |||||
| Paragraph (immediate) | 0.52 ± 0.20 (8) | 0.39 ± 0.12 (8) | 0.36 ± 0.19 (9) | 0.31 ± 0.12 (10) | 0.40 ± 0.18 (9) |
| Paragraph (delayed) | 0.42 ± 0.19 (8) | 0.26 ± 0.11 (8) | 0.28 ± 0.19 (9) | 0.27 ± 0.16 (10) | 0.31 ± 0.18 (9) |
| Buschke (immediate: total correct) | 0.79 ± 0.06 (8) | 0.64 ± 0.11 (9) | 0.66 ± 0.19 (9) | 0.66 ± 0.14 (10) | 0.74 ± 0.16 (9) |
| Buschke (delayed: total correct-free) | 0.89 ± 0.09 (7) | 0.66 ± 0.30 (9) | 0.73 ± 0.25 (9) | 0.71 ± 0.18 (10) | 0.76 ± 0.23 (9) |
| Verbal fluency tests | |||||
| Verbal fluency (I) | 8.6 ± 3.5 (8) | 6.6 ± 4.0 (8) | 7.8 ± 3.1 (9) | 5.6 ± 3.8 (10) | 10.9 ± 5.1 (9) |
| Verbal fluency (K) | 5.9 ± 2.0 (8) | 4.9 ± 3.1 (8) | 5.8 ± 3.1 (9) | 5.3 ± 2.7 (10) | 6.8 ± 3.2 (9) |
| Verbal fluency (P) | 13 ± 2.7 (8) | 13 ± 6.2 (8) | 13 ± 6.4 (9) | 11.5 ± 5.1 (10) | 16 ± 4.6 (9) |
| Categorical fluency | 21 ± 5.5 (8) | 18 ± 6.7 (8) | 15 ± 5.7 (9) | 18 ± 4.9 (10) | 21 ± 6.4 (9) |
| Attention and executive function tests | |||||
| VSLT I (immediate) | 4.0 ± 1.6 (8) | 2.6 ± 1.1 (9) | 3.8 ± 1.8 (9) | 3.2 ± 1.7 (10) | 3.8 ± 2.6 (9) |
| VSLT II (delayed) | 4.5 ± 2.5 (8) | 4.3 ± 2.1 (9) | 5.2 ± 2.2 (9) | 4.3 ± 2.1 (10) | 4.3 ± 2.8 (9) |
| Letter–number sequencing | 0.45 ± 0.14 (8) | 0.39 ± 0.15 (8) | 0.47 ± 0.09 (9) | 0.44 ± 0.08 (10) | 0.43 ± 0.20 (9) |
| Stroop interference test | 59 ± 20 (8) | 64 ± 18 (9) | 55 ± 9.1 (10) | 53 ± 5.0 (10) | 57 ± 22 (9) |
| Trails B | 108 ± 63 (7) | 141 ± 86 (8) | 118 ± 42 (7) | 102 ± 48 (10) | 108 ± 87 (8) |
| Mazes | 102 ± 23 (6) | 184 ± 134 (8) | 177 ± 88 (9) | 131 ± 98 (10) | 144 ± 75 (9) |
Data represent mean ± SD or n (%)
Route learning score reflects baseline score out of 16 possible correct items
Complex figure score reflects baseline score out of 9 possible correct items
Paragraph recall score reflects baseline score out of 44 possible correct items
Buschke immediate and delay scores reflect baseline score out of 60 and 12 possible correct items, respectively
Letter–number sequencing score reflects baseline score out of 21 possible correct items
BMI body mass index, SHBG sex hormone-binding globulin, VSLT visual spatial learning test