Table 1.
Summary of Patient Demographics, Clinical, and Echocardiographic Data
| Overall (total n = 2,778) |
MV Repair (total n = 2,607) |
MV Replacement (total n = 171) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | na | No. (% of n) or Mean±SD |
na | No. (% of n) or Mean±SD |
na | No. (% of n) or Mean±SD |
P b |
| Age (years) | 2,778 | 57 ± 13 | 2,607 | 56 ± 13 | 171 | 69 ± 13 | <.0001 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 2,772 | 2.0 ± 0.24 | 2,602 | 2.0 ± 0.24 | 170 | 1.9 ± 0.27 | <.0001 |
| Female | 2,778 | 970 (35%) | 2,607 | 876 (34%) | 171 | 94 (55%) | <.0001 |
| NYHA functional class | 2,776 | 2,605 | 171 | <.0001 | |||
| I | 814 (29%) | 790 (30%) | 24 (14%) | ||||
| II | 1,558 (56%) | 1,463 (56%) | 95 (56%) | ||||
| III | 357 (13%) | 309 (12%) | 48 (28%) | ||||
| IV | 47 (1.7%) | 43 (1.7%) | 4 (2.3%) | ||||
| Mitral regurgitation grade | 2,748 | 2,579 | 169 | .04 | |||
| 2+ | 7 (0.25%) | 8 (0.31%) | 1 (0.59%) | ||||
| 3+ | 219 (8.0%) | 213 (8.3%) | 23 (14%) | ||||
| 4+ | 2,522 (92%) | 2,358 (91%) | 145 (86%) | ||||
| Leaflet prolapse | 2,778 | 2,607 | 171 | ||||
| Posterior only | 1243 (45%) | 1193 (47%) | 50 (29%) | <.0001 | |||
| Anterior only | 174 (6.3%) | 147 (5.6%) | 27 (16%) | <.0001 | |||
| Bileaflet | 1,338 (48%) | 1,258 (48%) | 81 (47%) | .8 | |||
| Ruptured chordae | 2,778 | 2,607 | 171 | <.0001 | |||
| Posterior | 1,576 (57%) | 1,511 (58%) | 65 (38%) | ||||
| Anterior | 271 (9.8%) | 231 (8.9%) | 40 (23%) | ||||
| Mitral valve calcification | 2,778 | 614 (22%) | 2,607 | 521 (20%) | 171 | 93 (54%) | <.0001 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation grade | 2,370 | 2,226 | 144 | <.0001 | |||
| 0 | 901 (38%) | 882 (40%) | 19 (13%) | ||||
| 1+ | 862 (36%) | 821 (37%) | 41 (28%) | ||||
| 2+ | 413 (17%) | 369 (17%) | 44 (31%) | ||||
| 3+ | 149 (6.3%) | 121 (5.4%) | 28 (19%) | ||||
| 4+ | 45 (1.9%) | 33 (1.5%) | 12 (8.3%) | ||||
| Echocardiographic assessment | |||||||
| LA diameter (cm) | 2,575 | 4.9 ± 0.90 | 2,422 | 4.9 ± 0.88 | 153 | 5.3 ± 1.02 | <.0001 |
| LV end-diastolic diameter (cm) | 2,698 | 5.7 ± 0.80 | 2,540 | 5.8 ± 0.79 | 158 | 5.5 ± 0.93 | <.0001 |
| LV end-systolic diameter (cm) | 2,678 | 3.4 ± 0.71 | 2,517 | 27 ± 13 | 155 | 26 ± 15 | .3 |
| LV mass index (g•m−2) | 2,623 | 139 ± 44 | 2,468 | 138 ± 43 | 155 | 147 ± 44 | .006 |
| LVEF (%) | 2,706 | 58 ± 7.4 | 2,538 | 58 ± 7.4 | 168 | 56 ± 8.0 | .0003 |
| Cardiac comorbidity | |||||||
| Heart failure | 2,778 | 634 (23%) | 2,607 | 547 (21%) | 171 | 87 (51%) | <.0001 |
| Ventricular arrhythmia | 2,655 | 357 (13%) | 2,498 | 329 (13%) | 157 | 28 (18%) | .1 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 2,778 | 343 (12%) | 2,607 | 286 (11%) | 171 | 57 (33%) | <.0001 |
| Complete heart block | 2,778 | 43 (1.5%) | 2,607 | 28 (1.1%) | 171 | 15 (8.8%) | <.0001 |
| Concomitant procedures | |||||||
| Ablation for atrial fibrillation | 2,778 | 60 (2.2 %) | 2,607 | 48 (1.8%) | 171 | 12 (7.0%) | <.0001 |
| Tricuspid valve procedure | 2,778 | 159 (5.8%) | 2,607 | 121 (4.6%) | 171 | 38 (22%) | <.0001 |
a
Patients with data available.
b
Unadjusted comparison between MV repair and replacement using the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum nonparametric test (continuous variables) or chi-squared test (categorical variables).
Key: LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MV, mitral valve; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SD, standard deviation.