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. 2016 Jan 19;9:75. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2015.00075

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Copyright © 2016 Carcaud, Giurfa and Sandoz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Dual olfactory pathway of the honey bee brain. (A) Schematic overview of the dual olfactory pathway of the honey bee brain (adapted from Carcaud et al., 2012, 2015). Odorant molecules are detected by olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) on the antenna which project to the antennal lobe (AL). Then, projection neurons (PN) convey information to the mushroom bodies (MB) and the lateral horn (LH) via two main tracts, the medial antennal lobe tract (m-ALT, magenta) and the lateral antennal lobe tract (l-ALT, green). Lesion site of the m-ALT and of the optic lobe (OL) are indicated (lesion 1 and lesion 2 respectively). (B) Mass staining in the AL, showing the course of l-ALT and m-ALT PNs from the AL to LH and the MB calyces. Abbreviations: m-ca, median calyx; l-ca, lateral calyx.