TABLE 3.

Development of dental caries in children who consumed <10% energy as free sugars¹

Study, year	Country	Dentition	Dental caries
Rodrigues et al. (24), 1999	Brazil	Primary	Average of 1 dmft in 1 y
Karjalainen et al. (26), 2001	Finland	Primary	No cavities developed
Routtinen et al. (27) 2004	Finland	Permanent	Average of 0.5 DMFT
Rugg-Gunn et al. (20) 1984	England	Permanent	Average of 3.2 DMFS over a 2-y period
Stecksen-Blicks et al. (21) 1986	Sweden	Permanent	0–2 DMFS over a 1-y period

¹Decay was measured at the level at which cavitation of the tooth surface occurred, and precavitation lesions were excluded. DMFS/T, decayed, missing, or filled surfaces/teeth for permanent dentition; dmft, decayed, missing, or filled teeth for primary dentition.