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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 19.
Published in final edited form as: Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15(3):273–277. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2013.810334

Table 3.

Characteristics of passengers of designated drivers compared to passengers of non-designated drivers, 2007

Passenger of designated driver
(n=519*)
Passenger of non-designated driver
(n=988*)

Number
(Percent)
95%
Confidence
Interval
Number
(Percent)
95%
Confidence
Interval
Gender
 Male 166 (36) (32, 40) 270 (34) (31, 37)
 Female 224 (64) (60, 68) 495 (66) (63, 69)
Age
 Under 21 83 (25) (21, 29) 193 (25) (22, 29)
 21-34 182 (43) (39, 47) 262 (36) (32, 39)
 35+ 123 (32) (28, 36) 264 (39) (35, 42)
Race
 White 203 (38) ** (34, 43) 480 (52) ** (48, 55)
 African-
 American
59 (21) (17, 24) 115 (16) (14, 18)
 Hispanic 94 (28) (24, 32) 122 (26) (23, 29)
 Asian 21 (9) ** (6, 11) 24 (3) * (2, 5)
 American
 Indian/Native
 Alaskan
3 (.3) (0, 1) 10 (.4) (0, 1)
 All other? 10 (4) (2, 6) 15 (3) (2, 4)
Anything to
drink today?
 Yes 158 (35)** (32, 39) 105 (20) ** (18, 23)
How many
drinks today?
 Less than one 8 (8) (4, 11) 19 (14) (9, 20)
 One or more 134 (92) (89, 96) 80 (86) (80, 91)
Intend to have
 Less than one 254 (75) ** (71, 79) 558 (89) ** (87, 91)
 One or more 68 (25) ** (21, 29) 62 (11) ** (9, 13)
*

Although a total of 1,507 passengers were under study, some passengers did not provide complete information in the survey and were excluded from analyses.

**

p< 0.05 for comparison of passenger of designated driver to passenger of non-designated driver.