Table 7. Subregional estimates (median and 95% uncertainty interval) of the proportion of illnesses caused by Salmonella Typhi, Vibrio cholerae, Entamoeba histolytica, Norovirus, and Hepatitis A virus through each exposure pathway.
Hazard | Subregion | Food | Human to Human Contact | Water | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salmonella Typhi | AFR D | 0.24 (0.00–0.58) | 0.22 (0.00–0.54) | 0.51 (0.13–0.82) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) |
AFR E | 0.24 (0.00–0.58) | 0.22 (0.00–0.53) | 0.51 (0.16–0.81) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | |
AMR A | 0.26 (0.00–0.64) | 0.11 (0.00–0.48) | 0.57 (0.14–0.87) | 0.00 (0.00–0.37) | |
AMR B | 0.23 (0.00–0.59) | 0.21 (0.00–0.53) | 0.52 (0.14–0.82) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | |
AMR D | 0.23 (0.00–0.56) | 0.21 (0.00–0.52) | 0.53 (0.18–0.81) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | |
EMR B | 0.24 (0.00–0.58) | 0.21 (0.00–0.53) | 0.52 (0.15–0.82) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | |
EMR D | 0.24 (0.00–0.58) | 0.21 (0.00–0.53) | 0.52 (0.15–0.83) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | |
EUR A | 0.10 (0.00–0.53) | 0.23 (0.00–0.72) | 0.41 (0.00–0.83) | 0.01 (0.00–0.66) | |
EUR B | 0.08 (0.00–0.43) | 0.47 (0.16–0.78) | 0.35 (0.04–0.62) | 0.02 (0.00–0.21) | |
EUR C | 0.08 (0.00–0.43) | 0.47 (0.15–0.78) | 0.35 (0.03–0.62) | 0.02 (0.00–0.21) | |
SEAR B | 0.43 (0.11–0.82) | 0.12 (0.00–0.49) | 0.40 (0.01–0.70) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
SEAR D | 0.40 (0.01–0.81) | 0.13 (0.00–0.54) | 0.42 (0.00–0.80) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | |
WPR A | 0.33 (0.00–0.84) | 0.11 (0.00–0.55) | 0.48 (0.00–0.86) | 0.00 (0.00–0.36) | |
WPR B | 0.49 (0.10–0.84) | 0.13 (0.00–0.51) | 0.33 (0.01–0.66) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
Vibrio cholerae | AFR D | 0.21 (0.01–0.57) | 0.02 (0.00–0.31) | 0.72 (0.29–0.94) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) |
AFR E | 0.21 (0.01–0.56) | 0.02 (0.00–0.30) | 0.72 (0.33–0.94) | 0.00 (0.00–0.04) | |
AMR A | 0.30 (0.01–0.95) | 0.02 (0.00–0.43) | 0.59 (0.00–0.93) | 0.00 (0.00–0.37) | |
AMR B | 0.25 (0.00–0.58) | 0.02 (0.00–0.27) | 0.70 (0.33–0.95) | 0.00 (0.00–0.34) | |
AMR D | 0.25 (0.00–0.57) | 0.02 (0.00–0.29) | 0.69 (0.34–0.94) | 0.00 (0.00–0.29) | |
EMR B | 0.23 (0.01–0.64) | 0.02 (0.00–0.30) | 0.69 (0.25–0.94) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
EMR D | 0.23 (0.01–0.65) | 0.02 (0.00–0.31) | 0.70 (0.23–0.94) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
EUR A | 0.31 (0.00–0.85) | 0.03 (0.00–0.44) | 0.44 (0.00–0.86) | 0.01 (0.00–0.57) | |
EUR B | 0.46 (0.01–0.86) | 0.11 (0.00–0.47) | 0.36 (0.00–0.77) | 0.00 (0.00–0.36) | |
EUR C | 0.46 (0.02–0.86) | 0.11 (0.00–0.47) | 0.36 (0.00–0.76) | 0.00 (0.00–0.38) | |
SEAR B | 0.36 (0.04–0.78) | 0.14 (0.00–0.50) | 0.45 (0.02–0.79) | 0.00 (0.00–0.02) | |
SEAR D | 0.25 (0.00–0.75) | 0.08 (0.00–0.50) | 0.58 (0.04–0.91) | 0.00 (0.00–0.02) | |
WPR A | 0.25 (0.01–0.92) | 0.04 (0.00–0.64) | 0.56 (0.00–0.93) | 0.00 (0.00–0.05) | |
WPR B | 0.29 (0.01–0.74) | 0.13 (0.00–0.49) | 0.51 (0.04–0.83) | 0.00 (0.00–0.30) | |
Norovirus | AFR D | 0.15 (0.01–0.40) | 0.68 (0.37–0.89) | 0.07 (0.00–0.38) | 0.04 (0.00–0.23) |
AFR E | 0.15 (0.00–0.40) | 0.68 (0.38–0.89) | 0.07 (0.00–0.37) | 0.04 (0.00–0.24) | |
AMR A | 0.23 (0.04–0.50) | 0.50 (0.18–0.79) | 0.22 (0.00–0.49) | 0.00 (0.00–0.22) | |
AMR B | 0.14 (0.00–0.42) | 0.72 (0.36–0.90) | 0.06 (0.00–0.40) | 0.04 (0.00–0.24) | |
AMR D | 0.15 (0.00–0.46) | 0.72 (0.36–0.89) | 0.06 (0.00–0.41) | 0.04 (0.00–0.23) | |
EMR B | 0.15 (0.00–0.40) | 0.72 (0.43–0.89) | 0.07 (0.00–0.30) | 0.04 (0.00–0.22) | |
EMR D | 0.15 (0.00–0.40) | 0.72 (0.42–0.89) | 0.06 (0.00–0.32) | 0.04 (0.00–0.23) | |
EUR A | 0.26 (0.00–0.73) | 0.43 (0.00–0.83) | 0.17 (0.00–0.58) | 0.00 (0.00–0.36) | |
EUR B | 0.23 (0.01–0.57) | 0.32 (0.02–0.67) | 0.33 (0.00–0.65) | 0.04 (0.00–0.34) | |
EUR C | 0.23 (0.01–0.57) | 0.33 (0.02–0.67) | 0.33 (0.01–0.63) | 0.04 (0.00–0.33) | |
SEAR B | 0.12 (0.00–0.48) | 0.53 (0.13–0.83) | 0.21 (0.00–0.53) | 0.00 (0.00–0.42) | |
SEAR D | 0.15 (0.00–0.55) | 0.46 (0.00–0.79) | 0.29 (0.00–0.72) | 0.00 (0.00–0.35) | |
WPR A | 0.22 (0.01–0.52) | 0.48 (0.12–0.77) | 0.22 (0.00–0.51) | 0.00 (0.00–0.32) | |
WPR B | 0.15 (0.00–0.55) | 0.46 (0.00–0.79) | 0.28 (0.01–0.68) | 0.00 (0.00–0.34) | |
Hepatitis A virus | AFR D | 0.36 (0.07–0.63) | 0.40 (0.10–0.68) | 0.17 (0.00–0.49) | 0.04 (0.00–0.10) |
AFR E | 0.29 (0.07–0.57) | 0.36 (0.08–0.64) | 0.30 (0.06–0.59) | 0.02 (0.00–0.06) | |
AMR A | 0.42 (0.06–0.77) | 0.46 (0.04–0.78) | 0.01 (0.00–0.19) | 0.10 (0.00–0.32) | |
AMR B | 0.31 (0.03–0.60) | 0.46 (0.16–0.74) | 0.11 (0.00–0.39) | 0.09 (0.00–0.21) | |
AMR D | 0.32 (0.03–0.61) | 0.35 (0.11–0.65) | 0.26 (0.04–0.57) | 0.04 (0.00–0.09) | |
EMR B | 0.35 (0.04–0.61) | 0.42 (0.17–0.69) | 0.15 (0.02–0.34) | 0.09 (0.00–0.20) | |
EMR D | 0.32 (0.02–0.59) | 0.36 (0.11–0.66) | 0.22 (0.00–0.49) | 0.08 (0.00–0.23) | |
EUR A | 0.42 (0.02–0.75) | 0.46 (0.10–0.79) | 0.01 (0.00–0.17) | 0.10 (0.00–0.32) | |
EUR B | 0.35 (0.12–0.59) | 0.35 (0.18–0.61) | 0.20 (0.01–0.36) | 0.08 (0.00–0.19) | |
EUR C | 0.34 (0.08–0.60) | 0.42 (0.17–0.69) | 0.14 (0.00–0.35) | 0.09 (0.00–0.24) | |
SEAR B | 0.34 (0.05–0.60) | 0.35 (0.14–0.65) | 0.23 (0.04–0.55) | 0.04 (0.00–0.09) | |
SEAR D | 0.29 (0.04–0.56) | 0.37 (0.13–0.64) | 0.29 (0.06–0.56) | 0.02 (0.00–0.06) | |
WPR A | 0.42 (0.03–0.76) | 0.46 (0.10–0.79) | 0.01 (0.00–0.16) | 0.10 (0.00–0.29) | |
WPR B | 0.34 (0.02–0.64) | 0.36 (0.06–0.66) | 0.21 (0.01–0.47) | 0.08 (0.00–0.20) | |
Entamoeba histolytica | AFR D | 0.30 (0.00–0.68) | 0.37 (0.00–0.73) | 0.25 (0.00–0.63) | 0.04 (0.00–0.21) |
AFR E | 0.30 (0.00–0.68) | 0.37 (0.00–0.72) | 0.24 (0.00–0.62) | 0.04 (0.00–0.22) | |
AMR A | 0.25 (0.00–0.70) | 0.34 (0.00–0.76) | 0.33 (0.00–0.74) | 0.00 (0.00–0.19) | |
AMR B | 0.21 (0.00–0.62) | 0.38 (0.02–0.76) | 0.32 (0.00–0.70) | 0.00 (0.00–0.20) | |
AMR D | 0.17 (0.00–0.58) | 0.37 (0.04–0.76) | 0.37 (0.01–0.73) | 0.00 (0.00–0.20) | |
EMR B | 0.24 (0.00–0.62) | 0.42 (0.01–0.76) | 0.24 (0.00–0.62) | 0.04 (0.00–0.22) | |
EMR D | 0.28 (0.00–0.66) | 0.39 (0.00–0.75) | 0.25 (0.00–0.65) | 0.04 (0.00–0.22) | |
EUR A | 0.33 (0.00–0.71) | 0.49 (0.03–0.83) | 0.15 (0.00–0.51) | 0.01 (0.00–0.16) | |
EUR B | 0.30 (0.00–0.66) | 0.42 (0.02–0.76) | 0.20 (0.00–0.59) | 0.04 (0.00–0.20) | |
EUR C | 0.26 (0.00–0.64) | 0.42 (0.02–0.76) | 0.23 (0.00–0.61) | 0.04 (0.00–0.19) | |
SEAR B | 0.26 (0.00–0.65) | 0.38 (0.00–0.75) | 0.28 (0.00–0.68) | 0.04 (0.00–0.18) | |
SEAR D | 0.25 (0.00–0.63) | 0.37 (0.00–0.72) | 0.29 (0.01–0.69) | 0.04 (0.00–0.19) | |
WPR A | 0.25 (0.00–0.62) | 0.41 (0.00–0.74) | 0.26 (0.01–0.62) | 0.04 (0.00–0.25) | |
WPR B | 0.27 (0.00–0.63) | 0.41 (0.00–0.73) | 0.24 (0.01–0.62) | 0.05 (0.00–0.23) |