Table 8. Subregional estimates (median and 95% uncertainty interval) of the proportion of illnesses caused by Toxoplasma gondii, Echinococcus multilocularis, Echinococcus granulosus and Ascaris spp. through each exposure pathway.
| Hazard | Subregion | Food | Animal Contact (Domestic and Wild) | Human to Human Contact | Water | Soil | Air | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toxoplasma gondii | AFR D | 0.48 (0.24–0.76) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.11 (0.00–0.37) | 0.36 (0.07–0.57) | na | na |
| AFR E | 0.42 (0.20–0.70) | 0.01 (0.00–0.19) | na | 0.16 (0.02–0.41) | 0.38 (0.05–0.58) | na | na | |
| AMR A | 0.60 (0.30–0.81) | 0.01 (0.00–0.28) | na | 0.19 (0.01–0.42) | 0.19 (0.00–0.46) | na | na | |
| AMR B | 0.52 (0.27–0.77) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.23 (0.01–0.45) | 0.22 (0.00–0.46) | na | na | |
| AMR D | 0.53 (0.27–0.77) | 0.01 (0.00–0.21) | na | 0.23 (0.02–0.44) | 0.22 (0.00–0.45) | na | na | |
| EMR B | 0.52 (0.27–0.80) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.11 (0.01–0.29) | 0.34 (0.02–0.56) | na | na | |
| EMR D | 0.53 (0.29–0.77) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.23 (0.02–0.43) | 0.22 (0.00–0.42) | na | na | |
| EUR A | 0.61 (0.35–0.82) | 0.01 (0.00–0.21) | na | 0.19 (0.02–0.36) | 0.18 (0.00–0.40) | na | na | |
| EUR B | 0.45 (0.23–0.76) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.15 (0.02–0.35) | 0.37 (0.01–0.58) | na | na | |
| EUR C | 0.53 (0.31–0.78) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.23 (0.03–0.41) | 0.22 (0.01–0.41) | na | na | |
| SEAR B | 0.52 (0.26–0.77) | 0.01 (0.00–0.19) | na | 0.23 (0.03–0.45) | 0.22 (0.00–0.43) | na | na | |
| SEAR D | 0.43 (0.09–0.73) | 0.01 (0.00–0.22) | na | 0.27 (0.03–0.58) | 0.26 (0.00–0.56) | na | na | |
| WPR A | 0.60 (0.33–0.81) | 0.01 (0.00–0.21) | na | 0.19 (0.02–0.37) | 0.18 (0.00–0.43) | na | na | |
| WPR B | 0.53 (0.29–0.77) | 0.01 (0.00–0.20) | na | 0.23 (0.04–0.43) | 0.22 (0.00–0.43) | na | na | |
| Echinococcus granulosus | AFR D | 0.21 (0.07–0.42) | 0.51 (0.25–0.72) | na | 0.18 (0.01–0.34) | 0.09 (0.00–0.20) | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) |
| AFR E | 0.20 (0.05–0.40) | 0.52 (0.27–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.35) | 0.09 (0.00–0.19) | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| AMR A | 0.20 (0.03–0.40) | 0.52 (0.30–0.75) | na | 0.17 (0.00–0.31) | 0.09 (0.00–0.20) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| AMR B | 0.20 (0.02–0.43) | 0.52 (0.28–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.34) | 0.09 (0.00–0.22) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| AMR D | 0.21 (0.05–0.41) | 0.51 (0.29–0.72) | na | 0.18 (0.01–0.35) | 0.09 (0.00–0.23) | 0.00 (0.00–0.13) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| EMR B | 0.21 (0.05–0.43) | 0.51 (0.28–0.73) | na | 0.17 (0.00–0.32) | 0.09 (0.00–0.19) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| EMR D | 0.21 (0.06–0.41) | 0.52 (0.28–0.72) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.32) | 0.09 (0.00–0.18) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| EUR A | 0.21 (0.04–0.40) | 0.51 (0.29–0.72) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.33) | 0.09 (0.00–0.20) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| EUR B | 0.21 (0.06–0.40) | 0.52 (0.27–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.33) | 0.09 (0.00–0.19) | 0.00 (0.00–0.15) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| EUR C | 0.21 (0.04–0.40) | 0.51 (0.26–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.35) | 0.09 (0.00–0.21) | 0.00 (0.00–0.15) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| SEAR B | 0.21 (0.03–0.44) | 0.51 (0.22–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.35) | 0.09 (0.00–0.19) | 0.00 (0.00–0.13) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| SEAR D | 0.20 (0.06–0.40) | 0.52 (0.29–0.73) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.34) | 0.09 (0.00–0.19) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| WPR A | 0.20 (0.01–0.39) | 0.53 (0.30–0.75) | na | 0.18 (0.00–0.33) | 0.09 (0.00–0.20) | 0.00 (0.00–0.13) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| WPR B | 0.21 (0.05–0.43) | 0.51 (0.29–0.73) | na | 0.17 (0.00–0.32) | 0.09 (0.00–0.21) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| Echinococcus multilocularis | AFR D | 0.58 (0.00–0.87) | 0.02 (0.00–0.42) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.61) | 0.20 (0.00–0.63) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
| AFR E | 0.58 (0.00–0.87) | 0.02 (0.00–0.41) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.62) | 0.20 (0.00–0.61) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| AMR A | 0.51 (0.13–0.79) | 0.03 (0.00–0.50) | na | 0.17 (0.01–0.40) | 0.16 (0.01–0.38) | 0.00 (0.00–0.11) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
| AMR B | 0.58 (0.00–0.87) | 0.02 (0.00–0.38) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.62) | 0.20 (0.00–0.61) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| AMR D | 0.58 (0.00–0.88) | 0.02 (0.00–0.41) | na | 0.19 (0.00–0.61) | 0.20 (0.00–0.60) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| EMR B | 0.43 (0.09–0.73) | 0.14 (0.00–0.55) | na | 0.17 (0.00–0.42) | 0.17 (0.00–0.42) | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| EMR D | 0.48 (0.00–0.77) | 0.12 (0.00–0.49) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.54) | 0.20 (0.00–0.53) | 0.00 (0.00–0.04) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| EUR A | 0.52 (0.15–0.79) | 0.03 (0.00–0.48) | na | 0.17 (0.01–0.40) | 0.16 (0.00–0.39) | 0.00 (0.00–0.11) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
| EUR B | 0.45 (0.12–0.72) | 0.13 (0.00–0.52) | na | 0.18 (0.02–0.38) | 0.17 (0.00–0.37) | 0.00 (0.00–0.13) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
| EUR C | 0.44 (0.12–0.72) | 0.14 (0.00–0.53) | na | 0.17 (0.01–0.38) | 0.17 (0.00–0.37) | 0.00 (0.00–0.12) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
| SEAR B | 0.58 (0.00–0.88) | 0.02 (0.00–0.41) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.61) | 0.20 (0.00–0.61) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| SEAR D | 0.58 (0.00–0.88) | 0.02 (0.00–0.37) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.62) | 0.20 (0.00–0.60) | 0.00 (0.00–0.05) | 0.00 (0.00–0.00) | |
| WPR A | 0.51 (0.09–0.81) | 0.04 (0.00–0.52) | na | 0.16 (0.00–0.41) | 0.16 (0.00–0.40) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | |
| WPR B | 0.48 (0.00–0.78) | 0.12 (0.00–0.49) | na | 0.20 (0.00–0.54) | 0.20 (0.00–0.54) | 0.00 (0.00–0.12) | 0.00 (0.00–0.03) | |
| Ascaris spp. | AFR D | 0.38 (0.10–0.66) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.00 (0.00–0.08) | 0.19 (0.07–0.40) | 0.39 (0.07–0.65) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) |
| AFR E | 0.38 (0.07–0.67) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.19 (0.07–0.41) | 0.39 (0.05–0.65) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| AMR A | 0.83 (0.43–0.97) | 0.00 (0.00–0.29) | 0.00 (0.00–0.08) | 0.05 (0.00–0.18) | 0.06 (0.00–0.42) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| AMR B | 0.55 (0.17–0.75) | 0.00 (0.00–0.13) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.19 (0.06–0.40) | 0.22 (0.05–0.50) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.04) | |
| AMR D | 0.37 (0.07–0.68) | 0.00 (0.00–0.15) | 0.00 (0.00–0.08) | 0.18 (0.05–0.41) | 0.41 (0.04–0.69) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.04) | |
| EMR B | 0.55 (0.15–0.77) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | 0.00 (0.00–0.07) | 0.20 (0.02–0.44) | 0.22 (0.02–0.51) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| EMR D | 0.55 (0.18–0.75) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.20 (0.04–0.43) | 0.21 (0.04–0.51) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.05) | |
| EUR A | 0.85 (0.47–0.97) | 0.00 (0.00–0.25) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.05 (0.00–0.18) | 0.06 (0.00–0.38) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| EUR B | 0.55 (0.13–0.76) | 0.00 (0.00–0.27) | 0.00 (0.00–0.10) | 0.19 (0.03–0.40) | 0.22 (0.02–0.50) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| EUR C | 0.55 (0.14–0.76) | 0.00 (0.00–0.25) | 0.00 (0.00–0.12) | 0.19 (0.03–0.40) | 0.22 (0.04–0.50) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.05) | |
| SEAR B | 0.54 (0.18–0.75) | 0.00 (0.00–0.14) | 0.00 (0.00–0.08) | 0.20 (0.03–0.44) | 0.22 (0.01–0.52) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.05) | |
| SEAR D | 0.39 (0.11–0.68) | 0.00 (0.00–0.12) | 0.00 (0.00–0.07) | 0.20 (0.04–0.44) | 0.38 (0.04–0.65) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| WPR A | 0.85 (0.47–0.97) | 0.00 (0.00–0.23) | 0.00 (0.00–0.09) | 0.05 (0.00–0.19) | 0.06 (0.00–0.37) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) | |
| WPR B | 0.54 (0.16–0.77) | 0.00 (0.00–0.24) | 0.00 (0.00–0.11) | 0.20 (0.02–0.43) | 0.21 (0.02–0.49) | na | 0.00 (0.00–0.06) |