Fig 3. Chemoattractive Effects of TRAIL on Peritoneal Macrophages and Aortic SMCs.

(a, c) Representative images of membranes stained with Diff-Quick solution. Peritoneal macrophages (arrows in panel a) and aortic SMCs (c) that have migrated to the membrane surface are seen in violet. Chambers were immersed in monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) (100 ng/ml), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) (0.5 μg/ml), or rh-TRAIL (1.0 μg/ml). The concentration of rh-OPG was 0.25–1.0 μg/ml. (b, d) Measurements of macrophages (b) or aortic SMCs (d) that have migrated per one mm² of membrane area. Data are presented as mean ± SD (at least 3 independent experiments were performed); *p<0.05 or **p<0.01, as compared to controls or TRAIL alone.