Table 2.
Predicted Mean Nutritional Profile of PFPs Purchased by Households from Walmart and Other FRCs by Household Incomea
| Other FRCs | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFPs | ||||||||
| Energy density (kcal/100 g) | Sugar density (g/100 g) | |||||||
| Higher income | Low income | Higher income | Low income | |||||
| Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 2000 | 119 | (119,120) | 125 | (122,128) | 8.4 | (8.3,8.4) | 9.0 | (8.7,9.3) |
| 2013 | 108 | (108,109) | 114 | (111,116) | 6.7 | (6.6,6.7) | 7.0 | (6.8,7.2) |
| Differenceb | −11 | −11 | −1.7 | −2.0 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Saturated fat density (g/100 g) | Sodium density (mg/100 g) | |||||||
| Higher income | Low income | Higher income | Low income | |||||
| Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 2000 | 1.6 | (1.5,1.6) | 1.7 | (1.6,1.8) | 205 | (204,206) | 209 | (202,215) |
| 2013 | 1.5 | (1.5,1.6) | 1.6 | (1.5,1.7) | 185 | (183,206) | 208 | (203,213) |
| Difference | −0.1 | −0.1 | −20 | −1 | ||||
| Walmart PFPs | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy density (kcal/100 g) | Sugar density (g/100 g) | |||||||
| Higher income | Low income | Higher income | Low income | |||||
| Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 2000 | 200 | (195,204) | 190 | (175,205) | 15.7 | (15.2,16.2) | 14.6 | (12.5,16.6) |
| 2013 | 124 | (122,126) | 127 | (120,134) | 7.7 | (7.4,7.9) | 8.4 | (7.7,9.2) |
| Difference | −76 | −63 | −8.0 | −6.2 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Saturated fat density (g/100 g) | Sodium density (mg/100 g) | |||||||
| Higher income | Low income | Higher income | Low income | |||||
| Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | Mean | (95% CI) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
| 2000 | 2.8 | (2.7,2.9) | 2.8 | (2.5,3.2) | 231 | (225,238) | 231 | (210,252) |
| 2013 | 1.6 | (1.5,1.6) | 1.6 | (1.5,1.8) | 198 | (194,201) | 200 | (190,210) |
| Difference | −1.2 | −1.2 | −33 | −31 | ||||
Source: Calculations based in part on data reported by Nielsen through its Homescan Services for the food and beverage categories for the U.S. market. ©2013, The Nielsen Company.
Household income categorized as higher income (income >130% the federal poverty level [FPL]) or low income (income ≤ 130% FPL)
Difference between 2013 and 2000, within income group
Note: Boldface indicates that the predicted mean nutrient density was different between higher income vs. low income households, within retailer and year, p≤0.05. For rows indicating the difference between 2013 and 2000, Boldface indicates that changes in the predicted mean nutrient density of PFPs purchased by low-income households was different than changes in the predicted mean nutrient density of PFPs purchased by higher-income households.
PFP, packaged food purchases; FRC, food retail chains