Table 1.
Identified studies of HIV incidence among Black MSM
| Source | Study date | Location | Study design | Recruitment and sampling method | Age | N | Incident infection measurement | HIV incidence estimate per 100 PY (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balaji et al. [40] | 2008 | Atlanta, GA; Baltimore, MD; Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Dallas, TX; Denver, CO; Detroit, MI; Houston, TX; Los Angeles, CA; Miami, FL; Nassau, NY; New Orleans, LA; New York, NY; Newark, NJ; Philadelphia, PA; San Diego, CA; San Francisco, CA; San Juan, PR; Saint Louis, MO; Seattle, WA; Washington, DC | Cross-sectional | Random sampling of eligible venues and day-time periods; systematic sampling of MSM at events | 18–24 | 678 | EIA + date of first HIV-positive test | 5.1 (NR) |
| Buchbinder et al. [41] | April 1995–May 1997 | Boston, MA; Chicago, IL; Denver, CO; New York, NY; San Francisco, CA; Seattle, WA | Prospective cohort | Non-random recruitment from STD clinics, bars and clubs, street outreach, advertising, prior cohort studies, and participant referral | ≥18 | 209 | ELISA to establish baseline HIV-negative; EIA + Western blot to establish HIV-positive | 2.1 (0.59–5.52) |
| CDC [1] | 1994–1998 | Baltimore, MD; Dallas, TX; Los Angeles, CA; Miami, FL; New York, NY; San Francisco, CA; Seattle, WA | Cross-sectional | Random sampling of eligible venues and day-time periods | 15–22 | 587 | STARHS | 4.0 (1.3–9.9) |
| CDC [1] | 1998–2000 | Baltimore, MD; Dallas, TX; Los Angeles, CA; Miami, FL; New York, NY; Seattle, WA | Cross-sectional | Random sampling of eligible venues and day-time periods | 23–29 | 497 | STARHS | 14.7 (7.9–27.1) |
| Koblin et al. [16] | July 2009–October 2010 | Atlanta, GA; Boston, MA; Los Angeles, CA; New York, NY; San Francisco, CA; Washington, DC | Prospective cohort | Non-random recruitment directly from community, or referred via sexual networks of index participants | ≥18 | 1164 | Negative rapid test or Western blot to establish baseline HIV-negative; reactive rapid + Western blot to establish HIV-positive | 3.0 (2.0–4.4) |
| 18–30 (subgroup analysis) | 441 | 5.9 (3.6–9.1) | ||||||
| Pathela et al. [11] | January 2008–March 2010 | New York, NY | Retrospective cohort | Census of MSM from STD clinics with diagnosed rectal Chlamydia or gonorrhea infection, and who reported receptive anal intercourse in past 3 months | <20 to ≥40 | 51 | Negative rapid test confirmed with NAAT to establish baseline HIV-negative; match to HIV surveillance registry to establish HIV-positive | 15.34 (8.31–26.08) |
| Pathela et al. [11] | January 2008–March 2010 | New York, NY | Matched retrospective cohort | Cohort matching (see above), but with no diagnosed rectal Chlamydia or gonorrhea infection | <20 to ≥40 | 51 | See above | 6.48 (2.37–14.36) |
| Rosenberg et al. [26] | 2009–2014 | Atlanta, GA | Prospective cohort | Recruitment at sample of enumerated venue-day-time periods, non-random recruitment on Facebook | 18–39 | 260 | Negative rapid test to establish HIV-negative at baseline; Reactive rapid test + confirmatory Western blot to establish HIV-positive | 6.6 (4.3–9.9) |
| 18–24 (subgroup analysis) | 130 | 12.1 (6.9–19.6) |
EIA enzyme immunoassay, ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, NAAT nucleic acid amplification test, NR not reported, STARHS serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV conversion