Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics
| Variables | All | SUA level at hospital admission (mg/dL) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <3.4 | 3.4–4.5 | 4.5–5.8 | 5.8–7.6 | 7.6–9.4 | >9.4 | P-value | ||
| Patients (n) | 1435 | 135 | 223 | 337 | 374 | 216 | 150 | |
| Age (years) | 62.0 ± 16.0 | 58.3 ± 17.4 | 59.7 ± 17.3 | 60.9 ± 15.9 | 63.0 ± 15.8 | 64.8 ± 14.1 | 64.4 ± 15.3 | <0.001 |
| Male | 865 (60.3%) | 64 (47.4%) | 99 (44.4%) | 197 (58.5%) | 253 (67.6%) | 149 (70.0%) | 103 (68.7%) | <0.001 |
| Caucasian | 1311 (91.4%) | 126 (93.3%) | 207 (92.8%) | 303 (89.9%) | 347 (92.8%) | 195 (90.3%) | 133 (88.7%) | 0.44 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.1 ± 7.3 | 26.6 ± 6.0 | 26.3 ± 6.8 | 28.2 ± 7.0 | 30.3 ± 6.8 | 30.5 ± 7.1 | 32.5 ± 8.4 | <0.001 |
| Weight change in hospital (kg) | −0.9 ± 6.0 | −0.5 ± 4.8 | −0.8 ± 4.7 | −0.5 ± 6.0 | −0.9 ± 6.6 | −1.3 ± 6.1 | −2.1 ± 7.2 | 0.14 |
| Charlson comorbidity score | 2.0 ± 2.4 | 1.7 ± 2.3 | 2.2 ± 2.6 | 1.9 ± 2.3 | 2.0 ± 2.3 | 2.2 ± 2.4 | 2.0 ± 2.2 | 0.33 |
| Baseline serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 73.1 ± 26.1 | 89.5 ± 20.6 | 88.1 ± 21.9 | 79.3 ± 24.5 | 71.7 ± 24.8 | 58.6 ± 22.3 | 53.2 ± 21.8 | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| CAD | 273 (19.0%) | 18 (13.3%) | 21 (9.4%) | 54 (16.0%) | 78 (20.9%) | 53 (24.5%) | 49 (32.7%) | <0.001 |
| HTN | 699 (48.7%) | 55 (40.7%) | 83 (37.2%) | 140 (41.5%) | 214 (57.2%) | 125 (57.9%) | 82 (54.7%) | <0.001 |
| DM | 317 (22.1%) | 15 (13.3%) | 49 (22.0%) | 63 (18.7%) | 83 (22.2%) | 63 (29.2%) | 41 (27.3%) | 0.005 |
| CHF | 184 (12.8%) | 8 (5.9%) | 13 (5.8%) | 28 (8.3%) | 45 (12.0%) | 40 (18.5%) | 50 (33.3%) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 60 (4.2%) | 5 (3.7%) | 12 (5.4%) | 12 (3.6%) | 14 (3.7%) | 11 (5.1%) | 6 (4.0%) | 0.87 |
| Principal diagnosis | <0.001 | |||||||
| Cardiovascular | 487 (33.9%) | 15 (11.1%) | 38 (17.0%) | 101 (30.0%) | 145 (38.8%) | 103 (47.7%) | 85 (56.7%) | |
| Hematology/oncology | 378 (26.3%) | 57 (42.2%) | 74 (33.2%) | 92 (27.3%) | 88 (23.5%) | 45 (20.8%) | 22 (14.7%) | |
| Infectious disease | 53 (3.7%) | 12 (8.9%) | 9 (4.0%) | 13 (3.9%) | 9 (2.4%) | 6 (2.8%) | 4 (2.7%) | |
| Endocrine/metabolic | 94 (6.6%) | 14 (10.4%) | 14 (6.3%) | 18 (5.3%) | 23 (6.2%) | 14 (6.5%) | 11 (7.3%) | |
| Respiratory | 59 (4.1%) | 8 (6.0%) | 13 (5.8%) | 19 (5.6%) | 12 (3.2%) | 3 (1.4%) | 4 (2.7%) | |
| Gastrointestinal | 74 (5.1%) | 10 (7.4%) | 14 (6.3%) | 19 (5.6%) | 20 (5.3%) | 11 (5.1%) | 4 (2.7%) | |
| Other | 290 (20.2%) | 19 (14.1%) | 61 (27.4%) | 79 (23.4%) | 77 (20.6%) | 34 (15.7%) | 20 (13.3%) | |
| Medication | ||||||||
| ACEI/ARB | 535 (37.3%) | 32 (23.7%) | 49 (22.0%) | 109 (32.3%) | 163 (43.6%) | 95 (44.0%) | 87 (58%) | <0.001 |
| NSAID | 235 (16.4%) | 23 (17.0%) | 46 (20.6%) | 65 (19.3%) | 58 (15.5%) | 26 (12.0%) | 17 (11.3%) | 0.05 |
| Diuretic | 703 (49.0%) | 37 (27.4%) | 60 (26.9%) | 134 (39.8%) | 206 (55.1%) | 139 (64.4%) | 127 (84.7%) | <0.001 |
| Allopurinol | 219 (15.3%) | 21 (15.6%) | 26 (11.7%) | 49 (14.5%) | 58 (15.5%) | 35 (16.2%) | 30 (20%) | 0.40 |
| Shock | 153 (10.7%) | 8 (5.9%) | 19 (8.5%) | 40 (11.9%) | 40 (10.7%) | 25 (11.6%) | 21 (14.0%) | 0.24 |
Continuous data are presented as mean ± SD; categorical data are presented as n (%).