Fig 3. Anti-inflammatory effect of Tβ4 peptide in gingival fibroblasts.

Cells were pretreated with indicated concentrations of Tβ4 peptide for 2 hours and then incubated with 200 μM H₂O₂ for 48 hours (A-C). Protein expressions were assessed by Western blot analysis (A). The production of NO (B) and PGE₂ (C) were measured by Griess reaction and ELISA, respectively. Data replicated the quantifications of NO and PGE₂ with the standard deviation of at least three experiments (n = 4). The bar graph shows the fold increase in protein expression compared with control cells. * Statistically significant differences compared with the control, p<0.05. # Statistically significant difference compared with the H₂O₂—treated group.