Fig 4. Effect of Tβ4 peptide on H₂O₂-induced osteoclastogenic cytokines (A) and osteoclastogenic factors (B) in PDLCs.

Cells were pretreated with indicated concentrations of Tβ4 peptide for 2 hours and then incubated with 200 μM H₂O₂ for 48 hours (A, B). The mRNAs expression was examined by RT-PCR analysis. This data were representative of three independent experiments. The bar graph shows the fold increase in mRNA expression compared with control cells. * Statistically significant differences compared with the control, p<0.05.