Table 1.
Participant characteristics by treatment arm.
| Characteristics | Oxytocin first | Placebo first | All participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 15) | (N = 14) | (N = 29) | |
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 22.6 ± 4.3 | 22.4 ± 7.4 | 22.5 ± 5.9 |
| Intelligence quotient | |||
| Measurable (mean ± SD) | 24.9 ± 13.2 | 37.5 ± 13.9 | 32.6 ± 14.7 |
| Immeasurable | 8 (53.3%) | 3 (21.4%) | 11 (37.9%) |
| Intellectual disabilities | |||
| Mild | 1 (6.7%) | 2 (14.3%) | 3 (10.3%) |
| Moderate | 0 (0%) | 6 (42.9%) | 6 (20.7%) |
| Severe | 3 (20%) | 1 (7.1%) | 4 (13.8%) |
| Profound | 11 (73.3%) | 5 (35.7%) | 16 (55.2%) |
| Psychotropic medications | 12 (80%) | 10 (71.4%) | 22 (75.9%) |
| Epilepsy | 4 (26.7%) | 3 (21.4%) | 7 (24.1%) |
| Behavioral assessments | |||
| CARS (mean ± SD) | 43.1 ± 3.0 | 41.4 ± 4.5 | 42.3 ± 3.8 |
| ABC (mean ± SD) | |||
| Irritability | 11.9 ± 9.4 | 17.4 ± 11.7 | 14.6 ± 10.7 |
| Lethargy | 12.8 ± 11.1 | 12.6 ± 6.1 | 12.7 ± 8.9 |
| Stereotypic behavior | 7 ± 5.9 | 5.2 ± 5.8 | 6.1 ± 5.8 |
| Hyperactivity | 13.9 ± 9.4 | 16 ± 10.3 | 14.9 ± 9.7 |
| Inappropriate speech | 4.9 ± 3.0 | 7 ± 3.7 | 5.9 ± 3.5 |
| Total | 50.3 ± 28.0 | 58.3 ± 26.8 | 54.2 ± 27.2 |
| GAF (mean ± SD) | 31.3 ± 6.0 | 35.6 ± 9.7 | 33.5 ± 8.1 |
| IRSA (mean ± SD) | 165.6 ± 28.8 | 189.1 ± 32.6 | 177.3 ± 32.5 |
| Plasma OXT concentration (pg/ml; mean ± SD) | 217.6 ± 165.2 | 306.3 ± 341.3 | 263.6 ± 270.0 |
CARS, Childhood Autism Rating Scale; ABC, Aberrant Behavior Checklist; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; IRSA, Interaction Rating Scale Advanced; OXT, oxytocin.
Details for all of the participants are summarized in Table S1 in Supplementary Material.